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Question
Discuss the issue of deficit reduction.
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Solution
The ways of government budget deficit reduction are the following :-
(i) Decreasing expenditure
(ii) Increasing revenue
(i) Decreasing expenditure :-
a) The expenditure of government should be decreased by making government activities more planned and effective.
b) The government can encourage private sector to undertake capital projects.
(ii) Increasing revenue :-
a) Higher taxes imply higher income earned by the government. Also, new taxes may add to the revenues of the government.
b) The government can sell shares of Public Sector Undertakings (PSU disinvestment) to increase its revenue.
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RELATED QUESTIONS
Define fiscal deficit.
Consider an economy described by the following functions:- C = 20 + 0.80Y, I = 30, G = 50, TR = 100, calculate the effect on output of a 10 per cent increase in transfers, and a 10 per cent increase in lump-sum taxes. Compare the effects of the two.
Suppose marginal propensity to consume is 0.75 and there is a 20 per cent proportional income tax. Find the change in equilibrium income for the following (a) Government purchases increase by 20 (b) Transfers decrease by 20.
Classify the following statement into positive economic or normative economic, with suitable reason:
Government should try to control the rising fiscal deficit.
| S. No. | Content | Rs (in crores) |
| 1. | Revenue Expenditure | 100 |
| 2. | Capital Receipts | 40 |
| 3. | Net Borrowings | 38 |
| 4. | Net Interest Payments | 27 |
| 5. | Tax Revenue | 50 |
| 6. | Non-tax Revenue | 15 |
Which of the following is the formula for revenue deficit?
| S. No. | Content | Rs (in crores) |
| 1. | Revenue Expenditure | 100 |
| 2. | Capital Receipts | 40 |
| 3. | Net Borrowings | 38 |
| 4. | Net Interest Payments | 27 |
| 5. | Tax Revenue | 50 |
| 6. | Non-tax Revenue | 15 |
Which of the following is MOST LIKELY to be the main contributor to the fiscal deficit in this case?
Which of the following factors necessitated the need for economic reforms?
Assertion (A): Fiscal deficit is measured in terms of borrowings.
Reason (R): External borrowings increases the Fiscal deficit.
Read the following statements carefully and choose the correct alternatives given below:
Statement 1: Fiscal Deficit = Total Budget Expenditure - Total Budget Receipts (Net of borrowing)
Statement 2: Primary Deficit = Fiscal Deficit + Interest Payments.
______ in the budget is an important measure of deficit.
Which of the following statements are correct
Statement 1: Fiscal deficits are not necessarily inflationary; though, they are generally regarded as inflationary.
Statement 2: When the government expenditure increases and tax reduces, there is a government deficit and there will be a corresponding increase in the aggregate demand.
Which of the following transactions are correct about ORT?
Identify the correctly matched pair of the items in Column A to those in Column B:
| Column A | Column B | ||
| 1 | Fiscal Deficit | (a) | Other than interest payments |
| 2 | Primary Deficit | (b) | Borrowings less interest payments |
| 3 | Revenue Deficit | (c) | Borrowings |
| 4 | Tax Deficit | (d) | Borrowings in government budget |
Which of the following statements is true?
Primary deficit is borrowing requirements of government for making:
Fiscal deficit equals:
The shape of average revenue curve in monopoly is ______
How good is the system of G.S.T as compared to the old tax system?
