Describe pericardium.

Short/Brief Note

The heart is enclosed in a membranous sac called the pericardium.
The pericardium is formed of two main layers - outer fibrous and inner serous pericardium.
Serous pericardium is soft, moist, and elastic. It is formed of squamous epithelium and is further divisible into two layers as a parietal and visceral layer.
Parietal and visceral layers of serous pericardium are separated by a pericardial space.
This space is filled with pericardial fluid (about 50ml) which acts as a shock absorber and protects the heart from mechanical injuries.
It also keeps the heart moist and acts as a lubricant.

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Chapter 8 Respiration and Circulation
Exercises | Q 4.6 | Page 181

Normal activities of the heart are regulated by ______________.

Define the term Circulatory system.

Describe in brief die cardiac cycle.

Explain the Term
Pace maker

State the Function: Coronary artery

Give scientific reason.

Left ventricle is thick than all other chambers of heart.

The back flow of blood during the pumping of blood by the heart is prevented by:

Explain the term Ligamentum arteriosum.

Explain the term Chordae tendinae.

Given below is a diagram of the external features of the human heart. Study the figure and answer the questions that follows:

Label the guidelines shown as 1 to 6 in the figure.
Write the important role of parts 5 and 6.
Name the chamber of the heart which collects blood from the lungs through a blood vessel. Also write the name of the blood vessel.
Write one structural and one functional difference between the blood vessels 4 and 5.
What happens when there is a blockage in any coronary artery or any of their branches?