Question

What are the components of the transport system in human beings? What are the functions of these components?

Answer 1

The main components of the transport system in human beings are the heart, blood, and blood vessels.

• The heart pumps oxygenated blood throughout the body. It receives deoxygenated blood from the various body parts and sends this impure blood to the lungs for oxygenation.
• Blood helps in the transport of oxygen, nutrients, CO₂, and nitrogenous wastes.
• The blood vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries) carry blood either away from the heart to various organs or from various organs back to the heart.

Answer 2

The components of the human the transport system is blood-vascular system and lymphatic system.

1. Blood vascular system: It consists of the heart, blood vessels and blood.
   1. Heart: It is a muscular pumping organ which keeps the circulating medium (blood) in a state of continuous movement.
   2. Blood vessels: These are channels through which blood flows. Blood vessels are of three types.
      1. Arteries: They carry oxygenated blood from the heart to different parts of the body.
      2. Veins: They transport deoxygenated blood from different parts of the body back to the heart.
      3. Capillaries: They help in the exchange of material between blood and living cells through tissue fluid.
   3. Blood: It consists of plasma and corpuscles (RBCs, WBCs and platelets)
      1. Plasma: It is the liquid part of the blood which helps in the transport of hormones, nutrients, excretory matter, etc.
      2. RBCs: They help transport respiratory gases - O₂ and CO₂.
      3. WBCs: They act as soldiers of the body and provide immunity.
      4. Platelets: Help in blood clotting. 
2. Lymphatic system: This is a network of thin-walled vessels that consists of lymph, lymphatic vessels, and lymph nodes.
   1. Lymph: Helps in the transport of respiratory gases, fatty acids, glycerol, vitamins, etc. inside body.
   2. Lymphatic vessels: Collect lymph and transport it to the veins.
   3. Lymph node: Helps in the formation of lymphocytes.