Question

Define the functional group and complete the following table. 

S.I. No.	Functional Group	Compound	Formula
(1)	______________	_______________	C2H5OH
(2)	_______________	_______________	CH3CHO

Answer 1

Functional group:

1. The atom or group of atoms present in the molecule which determines the characteristic property of organic compounds is called the functional group.
2. All organic compounds are considered as derivatives of hydrocarbons, it is formed by replacing one or more hydrogen atom in a molecule by some other atom.
3. In methane CH₄, if one hydrogen is replaced by an – OH group, then compound methyl alcohol. CH₃.OH is formed. The – OH group is the alcoholic functional group
4. After replacement, a new compound has functions i.e. properties different from the parent hydrocarbon.

SR. No.	Functional Group	Compound	Formula
(1)	OH	Ethyl Alcohol	C2H5OH
(2)	CHO	Acetaldehyde	CH3CHO