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Question
Consider the carbon compounds having following molecular formula:
(i) C3H6 (ii) C3H8 (iii) C4H6 (iv) C6H6 (v) C6H12
- State the number of double covalent bonds present in C3H8.
- Write the formula of first member of the homologous series to which the carbon compound C4H6 belongs.
- Which one of the above compounds forms a ring structure of carbon atoms?
- Identify, which of the above compounds, is a member of alkane series.
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Solution
(a) There are nine covalent bonds.
(b) C4H6 is an alkyne, The alkynes are a group of chemical compounds with carbon and hydrogen at least one triple bond. With a general molecular formula of Cn H2n-2, where n is any integer higher than 1, the group of compounds is a homologous series.
The first member of this homologous series is ethyne (C2H2).
\[\ce{H - C = C - H}\]
(c) C6H6 (Benzene) will form the ring. The structure features triple-alternate double bonds and a six-carbon ring, which is symbolised by a hexagon.
(d) C3H8 is an alkane as it has each carbon bonded to four other atoms through single covalent bonds and follow general formula Cn H2n+2.
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RELATED QUESTIONS
Write the names and formulae for the first three members of the homologous series for chloroalkanes.
Give the dot diagram of the first member of the alcohol.
Give the names and the structural formula of the first three members of the homologous series of alkanes.
Define homologous series of organic compounds. List its two characteristics. Write the name and formula of the first member of the series of alkenes.
Write names of first four homologous series of alcohols.
Assertion (A): In a homologous series of alcohols, the formula for the second member is C2H5OH and the third member is C3H7OH.
Reason (R): The difference between the molecular masses of the two consecutive members of a homologous series is 144.
Complete the following table for homologous series of alcohols.
| Name | Molecular formula | Condensed structural formula | Number of carbon atom | Number of -CH2- units | Boiling point °C |
| Methanol | CH4O | CH3-OH | 1 | 1 | 63 |
| Ethanol | C2H6O | CH3–CH2-OH | 2 | 2 | 78 |
| Propanol | C3H8O | CH3–CH2–CH2-OH | ______ | ______ | 97 |
| Butanol | C4H10O | CH3–CH2–CH2–CH2–OH | ______ | ______ | 118 |
Successive members of a homologous series vary by how many atomic mass unit?
A carbon compound ‘A’ having melting point 156K and boiling point 351K, with molecular formula C2H6O is soluble in water in all proportions.
- Identify ‘A’ and draw its electron dot structure.
- Give the molecular formulae of any two homologues of ‘A’.
Name the following:
Group of organic compounds where the successive members follow a regular structural pattern, successive compounds differ by a 'CH2' group.
