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Question
Arrange the following.
In increasing order of basic strength aniline, p-toluidine and p-nitro aniline
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Solution
The electron-donating groups increase the basic strength of amines while the electron-withdrawing groups decrease the basic strength of amines. Therefore p-nitro aniline is the weakest base followed by aniline while p-toluidine, which has methyl group and therefore it is the strongest base.
Basic strength increases in the order:
P-nitro aniline < aniline < p-toluidine
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