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Question
Answer in detail.
What happens to the nutrients absorbed in the bloodstream from the small intestine?
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Solution
The villi of the small intestine increase the inner surface area for the absorption of digested food. Villi contain blood capillaries, The digested food passes through these blood capillaries and enters the bloodstream. This process is called absorption. All the absorbed nutrients are not required immediately by the body. So they are changed into various forms that can be stored until they are needed. This process is called assimilation.
1. Glucose is converted into glycogen and is stored in the liver. When it is required by the liver glycogen is converted into glucose. Excess of glucose is also converted in to fat and stored in the adipose tissue. Fatty acids either provide energy or are used for the synthesis of fats which is stored under the skin.
2. Amino acids are used for the synthesis of protein. Excess amount of amino acids are converted into urea which is removed by the kidneys.
glucose \[\ce{->[liver]}\] glycogen
Amino acids →Proteins
Amino acids → urea
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RELATED QUESTIONS
Draw a labelled diagram of the human digestive system. With the help of this diagram, describe the process of digestion of food in man (humans).
| When a person puts food in his mouth, then teeth cut it into small pieces, chew and grind it. The glands A in the mouth secrete a substance B which is mixed with the food by tongue. The substance B contains an enzyme C which starts the digestion of food in the mouth. The slightly digested food from the mouth goes down a tube D. The special type of movements E in the walls of tube D push the food into stomach for further digestion. The stomach wall secretes gastric juice containing three substance F, G and H. One of the functions of F is to kill bacteria which may enter the stomach with food. The substance G protects the inside layer of stomach from the damaging effect of substance F whereas substance H is and enzyme for digestion. The partially digested food then enters into small intestine for further digestion. |
- What are (i) gland A, (ii) substance B, and (iii) enzyme C?
- Name the tube D.
- What is the movement E known as?
- What are (i) F, (ii) G, and (iii) H?
Fill in the blanks.
Pepsin acts on ________ to change them into _______ and __________.
Write true or false for the below statement. Rewrite the false statements correctly.
All the absorbed nutrients are immediately required by the body.
State one difference in nutrition: Parasite and Saprophyte
Observe the diagram given alongside and answer the following:
- Name the parts numbered 1-8.
- Which parts shown in the diagram are non-living?
- Is the tooth suited for cutting, tearing or grinding?
- What is the function of parts 8 and 7?
- What is the total number of teeth present in adult human beings?
- Write the dental formula of human beings.
State whether the following statements are True or false: Pancreatic amylase digests protein into amino acids.
Name the enzymes secreted by the following: Stomach
What makes respiration and blood circulation go on all the time, and the processes of digestion happen at the right time?
State whether true or false. If false, correct the statement.
During digestion, proteins are broken down into amino acids.
