Advertisements
Advertisements
Question
A window is in the form of a rectangle surmounted by a semicircular opening. The total perimeter of the window is 10 m. Find the dimensions of the window to admit maximum light through the whole opening
Advertisements
Solution
Let x and y be the length and breadth of the rectangle.
Radius of the semi - circle `= x/2`
Circumference of the semi - circle = `(pix)/2.`
Perimeter of the window
AB + BC + AD + DC
`x + 2y + (pix)/2= 10`
⇒ 2x + 4y + πx = 20
⇒ `y = (20 - (2 + pi)x)/4`
Area of the window = area of rectangle + area of a semicircle.
`A = xy + 1/2 pi (x/2)^2`
`= x ((20 - (2 + pi)x)/4) + (pix^2)/8.`
`A = (20x - (2 + pi) x^2)/4 + (pix^2)/8.`
∴ `(dA)/dx = (20 - (2 + pi) 2x)/4 + (2pix)/8`
For maxima / minima of A,
`(dA)/dx = 0`
⇒ `(20 - (2 + pi) 2x)/4 + (2pix)/8 = 0`
⇒ 20 - (2 + π) 2x + πx = 0
⇒ 20 + x (π - 4 - 2π) = 0
⇒ 20 - x (4 + π) = 0
⇒ `x = 20/ (4 + pi)`
`(d^2A)/dx^2 = (-(2 + pi)2)/4 + (2pi)/8`
`= (-4 -2pi + pi)/4`
` = (-4 -pi)/4`
⇒ `(d^2A)/dx^2 < 0`
Hence the window admit the maximum light when x = length = `20/ (4 + pi)`
and breadth `y = (20 - (2 + pi) 20/(4 + pi))/4`
`= (80 + 20pi - 40 - 20 pi)/(4 (4 + pi))`
`= 40/ (4(4 + pi))`
`= 10/ (4 + pi).`
RELATED QUESTIONS
Show that the height of the cylinder of maximum volume, that can be inscribed in a sphere of radius R is `(2R)/sqrt3.` Also, find the maximum volume.
Find the maximum and minimum value, if any, of the following function given by f(x) = 9x2 + 12x + 2
Find the local maxima and local minima, if any, of the following function. Find also the local maximum and the local minimum values, as the case may be:
g(x) = x3 − 3x
Find the local maxima and local minima, if any, of the following functions. Find also the local maximum and the local minimum values, as the case may be:
`f(x) = xsqrt(1-x), x > 0`
Prove that the following function do not have maxima or minima:
h(x) = x3 + x2 + x + 1
Find the maximum and minimum values of x + sin 2x on [0, 2π].
A rectangular sheet of tin 45 cm by 24 cm is to be made into a box without top, by cutting off square from each corner and folding up the flaps. What should be the side of the square to be cut off so that the volume of the box is the maximum possible?
Show that of all the rectangles inscribed in a given fixed circle, the square has the maximum area.
Prove that the volume of the largest cone that can be inscribed in a sphere of radius R is `8/27` of the volume of the sphere.
Show that the semi-vertical angle of the cone of the maximum volume and of given slant height is `tan^(-1) sqrt(2)`
Find the points at which the function f given by f (x) = (x – 2)4 (x + 1)3 has
- local maxima
- local minima
- point of inflexion
An open tank with a square base and vertical sides is to be constructed from a metal sheet so as to hold a given quantity of water. Show that the cost of material will be least when the depth of the tank is half of its width. If the cost is to be borne by nearby settled lower-income families, for whom water will be provided, what kind of value is hidden in this question?
The volume of a closed rectangular metal box with a square base is 4096 cm3. The cost of polishing the outer surface of the box is Rs. 4 per cm2. Find the dimensions of the box for the minimum cost of polishing it.
Find the point on the straight line 2x+3y = 6, which is closest to the origin.
Find the maximum and minimum of the following functions : f(x) = `x^2 + (16)/x^2`
Find the largest size of a rectangle that can be inscribed in a semicircle of radius 1 unit, so that two vertices lie on the diameter.
Solve the following : Show that the altitude of the right circular cone of maximum volume that can be inscribed in a sphere of radius r is `(4r)/(3)`.
Divide the number 20 into two parts such that their product is maximum.
A metal wire of 36 cm length is bent to form a rectangle. Find its dimensions when its area is maximum.
Divide the number 20 into two parts such that their product is maximum
The minimum value of Z = 5x + 8y subject to x + y ≥ 5, 0 ≤ x ≤ 4, y ≥ 2, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0 is ____________.
If z = ax + by; a, b > 0 subject to x ≤ 2, y ≤ 2, x + y ≥ 3, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0 has minimum value at (2, 1) only, then ______.
The minimum value of the function f(x) = 13 - 14x + 9x2 is ______
AB is a diameter of a circle and C is any point on the circle. Show that the area of ∆ABC is maximum, when it is isosceles.
The smallest value of the polynomial x3 – 18x2 + 96x in [0, 9] is ______.
The function `f(x) = x^3 - 6x^2 + 9x + 25` has
The maximum value of `[x(x - 1) + 1]^(2/3), 0 ≤ x ≤ 1` is
Read the following passage and answer the questions given below.
|
|
- Is the function differentiable in the interval (0, 12)? Justify your answer.
- If 6 is the critical point of the function, then find the value of the constant m.
- Find the intervals in which the function is strictly increasing/strictly decreasing.
OR
Find the points of local maximum/local minimum, if any, in the interval (0, 12) as well as the points of absolute maximum/absolute minimum in the interval [0, 12]. Also, find the corresponding local maximum/local minimum and the absolute ‘maximum/absolute minimum values of the function.
A wire of length 36 m is cut into two pieces, one of the pieces is bent to form a square and the other is bent to form a circle. If the sum of the areas of the two figures is minimum, and the circumference of the circle is k (meter), then `(4/π + 1)`k is equal to ______.
Let f(x) = (x – a)ng(x) , where g(n)(a) ≠ 0; n = 0, 1, 2, 3.... then ______.
The lateral edge of a regular rectangular pyramid is 'a' cm long. The lateral edge makes an angle a. with the plane of the base. The value of a for which the volume of the pyramid is greatest, is ______.
The maximum value of f(x) = `logx/x (x ≠ 0, x ≠ 1)` is ______.
A rod AB of length 16 cm. rests between the wall AD and a smooth peg, 1 cm from the wall and makes an angle θ with the horizontal. The value of θ for which the height of G, the midpoint of the rod above the peg is minimum, is ______.
A straight line is drawn through the point P(3, 4) meeting the positive direction of coordinate axes at the points A and B. If O is the origin, then minimum area of ΔOAB is equal to ______.
A running track of 440 m is to be laid out enclosing a football field. The football field is in the shape of a rectangle with a semi-circle at each end. If the area of the rectangular portion is to be maximum,then find the length of its sides. Also calculate the area of the football field.
A right circular cylinder is to be made so that the sum of the radius and height is 6 metres. Find the maximum volume of the cylinder.
Divide the number 100 into two parts so that the sum of their squares is minimum.
Sumit has bought a closed cylindrical dustbin. The radius of the dustbin is ‘r' cm and height is 'h’ cm. It has a volume of 20π cm3.
- Express ‘h’ in terms of ‘r’, using the given volume.
- Prove that the total surface area of the dustbin is `2πr^2 + (40π)/r`
- Sumit wants to paint the dustbin. The cost of painting the base and top of the dustbin is ₹ 2 per cm2 and the cost of painting the curved side is ₹ 25 per cm2. Find the total cost in terms of ‘r’, for painting the outer surface of the dustbin including the base and top.
- Calculate the minimum cost for painting the dustbin.
