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प्रश्न
Is drama a good medium for conveying a social message? Discuss.
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उत्तर
A model answer has been provided for students' reference.
It is strongly recommended that students prepare the answer on their own.
Drama or theatre is a perfect media to deliver social messages to the society. Now that we are in the digital era, we have various kinds of media, print, electronic and cyber. However, in the times when there were no TVs, the only media was theatre. Media not just reflects the society but also revolutionises the society. Jean Genet has made it very clear from his plays that the society dwells on images. Hence, what we show affects the society largely. So, in Drama or Theatre, when the characters come alive and equivocally make their point in front of the whole society, they raise questions, very strong and vital issues are highlighted, which otherwise remain ignored. People heed to what is displayed and learn and not just relate and get emotional.
It is believed that in drama, comedy is best able to mark an effect on the audience. Comedy does not stimulate the audience emotionally; hence, there is no subsequent catharsis. Thus, the alienated audience is able to think rationally rather than getting emotional and is able to infer what the dramatist has been trying to convey. Thus, it opens the audience's mind and they begin to think about what has been suggested or portrayed in the story rather than associating themselves with the characters and reaching a catharsis
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Read the following passage and complete the activities given below :
A1 Find out :
Find from the passage the related words to the sea and write them.
ON FIERCE monsoon nights, about one and a quarter-mile off the Mumbai harbor, there have been occasions when 52-year-old Bikaji Ramchandra Dhuri is the only man on the sea. From the watchtower of the Prongs Reef Lighthouse, which is surrounded on all sides by the Arabian Sea, he has heard the sea rage like a possessed spirit – the darkness dispelled only by the beam of light flung across the waters from the tower he mans.
Dhuri is one of the last breeds of lighthouse keepers on the Indian coast, as a majority of the 182 lighthouses in the country are now unmanned. Built-in 1871, the Prongs Reef lighthouse was modeled on Scotland’s Skerryvore Rocks Lighthouse and is located at a strategic spot on the western coast, marking the entrance to the busy Mumbai Harbour. It was meant to stem the number of shipwrecks off the harbor, which the lone Colaba lighthouse could not illumine on its own. “Even now, during nights, for fishing vessels without any gadgets, it’s the soft light from this tower which directs us to Mumbai,” says Vinayak Koli, a boatsman who helps ferry people and also goes on fishing expeditions.
Throughout the year, Dhuri lives in the lighthouse for 15 days at a stretch, when he is relieved by another keeper. In the monsoon, it becomes his home for three months. “We call it the Kalapana as we are alone in the middle of the sea for days, with basic supplies – and the revolving light that keeps the sea awake,” he says.
A2 Fill in the following information using words from the passage :
(i) The Prongs Reef lighthouse was modeled on _______.
(ii) Dhuri lives in the lighthouse for _______ at a stretch.
(iii) _______ is one of the last breeds of lighthouse keepers on the Indian coast.
(iv) The majority of the _______ lighthouses in the country are now unmanned.
| Violent | Scattered | Place of shelter for ships | Shine light |
A4
A5 Personal Response
Imagine you have to spend a night in a lighthouse. Narrate your experience.
Notice the kind of English Tsetan uses while talking to the author. How do you think he picked it up?
Read the text below and summarise it.
The Great Desert Where Hippos Once Wallowed
The Sahara sets a standard for dry land. It’s the world’s largest desert. Relative humidity can drop into the low single digits. There are places where it rains only about once a century. There are people who reach the end of their lives without ever seeing water come from the sky.
Yet beneath the Sahara are vast aquifers of fresh water, enough liquid to fill a small sea. It is fossil water, a treasure laid down in prehistoric times, some of it possibly a million years old. Just 6,000 years ago, the Sahara was a much different place.
It was green. Prehistoric rock art in the Sahara shows something surprising: hippopotamuses, which need year-round water.
“We don’t have much evidence of a tropical paradise out there, but we had something perfectly liveable,” says Jennifer Smith, a geologist at Washington University in St Louis.
The green Sahara was the product of the migration of the paleo-monsoon. In the same way that ice ages come and go, so too do monsoons migrate north and south. The dynamics of earth’s motion are responsible. The tilt of the earth’s axis varies in a regular cycle — sometimes the planet is more tilted towards the sun, sometimes less so. The axis also wobbles like a spinning top. The date of the earth’s perihelion — its closest approach to the sun — varies in cycle as well.
At times when the Northern Hemisphere tilts sharply towards the sun and the planet makes its closest approach, the increased blast of sunlight during the north’s summer months can cause the African monsoon (which currently occurs between the Equator and roughly 17°N latitude) to shift to the north as it did 10,000 years ago, inundating North Africa.
Around 5,000 years ago the monsoon shifted dramatically southward again. The prehistoric inhabitants of the Sahara discovered that their relatively green surroundings were undergoing something worse than a drought (and perhaps they migrated towards the Nile Valley, where Egyptian culture began to flourish at around the same time).
“We’re learning, and only in recent years, that some climate changes in the past have been as rapid as anything underway today,” says Robert Giegengack, a University of Pennsylvania geologist.
As the land dried out and vegetation decreased, the soil lost its ability to hold water when it did rain. Fewer clouds formed from evaporation. When it rained, the water washed away and evaporated quickly. There was a kind of runaway drying effect. By 4,000 years ago the Sahara had become what it is today.
No one knows how human-driven climate change may alter the Sahara in the future. It’s something scientists can ponder while sipping bottled fossil water pumped from underground.
“It’s the best water in Egypt,” Giegengack said — clean, refreshing mineral water. If you want to drink something good, try the ancient buried treasure of the Sahara.
Staff Writer, Washington Post
Both Ramanand and Azam Khan seem to have very fixed views. How does Ramanand score over Azam Khan towards the end of the story?
The ending of the story is an instance of irony. Suppose Paul had not died at the end, how would you have reacted to the story?
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How do stories/biographies of such famous people help youngsters?
Breeding worms to use them to convert organic waste into fertilizer is called Vermiculture or vermicomposting.
Find out more about Vermiculture and how you can carry out the same in your garden/backyard, to fertilize your plants at home.
Think of one of your favourite stories. Fill in the following facts about the story.
- Name of the story:
- Type of story:
- Setting (time and place):
- Important characters:
- Theme/Plot:
- Conflict/Dilemma:
- Solution:
- End:
Correct the following statement.
Behrman was a very heartless person.
Say where . . . . . . .
______ do the cows and sheep stand?
Choose the correct alternative from the following -
From one star given to the movie, we conclude that - _______________.
Read the passage and answer the following question:
What is seen on the obverse and reverse of the PVC medal?
Explain the term plot.
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Where there is a will, there is a way.
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Find more information/stories about scholars of the ancient world - Aryabhatta, Bhaskaracharya, Varahamihira, Charaka, Nagarjuna, Jeevaka.
Shylock was not at all generous.
Hold a mock trial for the following offence. There should be a complainant, a defendant, and lawyers to argue the case on behalf of them. The whole class can vote to pass the judgment. On what occasions will you plead for justice? What punishment will you suggest? When will you plead for mercy?
A very poor and honest servant has broken a vase while cleaning it. The vase was valuable and the employer liked it very much.
Complete the following diagram.
There are many popular lines like:-
- ‘Life is a gameplay it well’.
- ‘Life is a journey- keep going ahead’.
Discuss and write down a few such metaphorical lines about ‘life’. You can make them up yourselves.
- ____________________________
- ____________________________
- ____________________________
- ____________________________
- ____________________________
Correct the following sentence and rewrite it.
Jesus had actually visited Papa Panov only once on Christmas Eve.
Form groups. Discuss how one can be a 'good reader'. Use the points in the above passage in your discussion. Write down the points that show what makes a 'good reader'.
Read the poem and answer the following.
Which strawberries are plump and juicy?
Describe the following with the help of the (The Twelve Months) story.
Summer
Read the word. Write the words that combine to make it.
anywhere
How did Helen Keller help other blind people?
Answer the following question in about 80 – 100 word.
Describe the journey of life as depicted in the poem by Henry Van Dyke.
The second human being that Miranda saw on the island was __________________.
Identify the character or speaker.
He was the chief of all spirits.
Read the comic strip and answer the following question.
Do you think that all the information online can be used without any permission?
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| Lines from the poem | Rhyme scheme (a/b/c/d) |
Identify the character/speaker.
Go to my cottage and fetch my gloves and fan.
Identify the character/speaker.
One side makes you big, the other side makes you small.
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SCD, TEF, UGH, ______, WKL
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How does the coconut tree grow?
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Mother did not ask for______.
Identify the speaker/character.
He felt something moving along his body almost up to his chin.
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Find the rhyming word from the poem.
Language - ______.
Whose hospitality is described in the poem?
Why did the audience cheer?
Why did she pick up her pace?
Uthaman was skilled in _____.
The old man is _____.
Parents never let us get ______.
Did Nandhini have fever?
Humans give importance to save______.
Moles dig ______ to catch earth worms.
Let us learn a few more word by joining the dots. Join the dots and fill the table below.
| subway | |
| holiday | |
| closet | |
| pants | |
| chips |
Replace the bold word/words with a word from the quiver and re-write the sentence –
In no time she hit the object she aimed at.
Why did he go there?
Match the following items from column-A with those column-B:
| Column 'A' | Column 'Non-Textual' |
| (a) Geoffrey Chaucer | (i) Trinidad |
| (b) Daniel Defoe | (ii) Wuthering Heights |
| (c) V.S. Naipaul | (iii) Robinson Crusoe |
| (d) Emile Bronte | (iv) The Canterbury Tales |
