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If Bohr’s quantisation postulate (angular momentum = nh/2π) is a basic law of nature, it should be equally valid for the case of planetary motion also.

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प्रश्न

If Bohr’s quantisation postulate (angular momentum = nh/2π) is a basic law of nature, it should be equally valid for the case of planetary motion also. Why then do we never speak of quantisation of orbits of planets around the sun?

थोडक्यात उत्तर
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उत्तर

We never speak of quantization of orbits of planets around the Sun because the angular momentum associated with planetary motion is largely relative to the value of Planck’s constant (h). The angular momentum of the Earth in its orbit is of the order of 1070 h. This leads to a very high value of quantum levels n of the order of 1070. For large values of n, successive energies and angular momenta are relatively very small. Hence, the quantum levels for planetary motion are considered continuous.

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पाठ 12: Atoms - Exercise [पृष्ठ ४३७]

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एनसीईआरटी Physics Part I and II [English] Class 12
पाठ 12 Atoms
Exercise | Q 12.16 | पृष्ठ ४३७

संबंधित प्रश्‍न

A 12.5 eV electron beam is used to bombard gaseous hydrogen at room temperature. What series of wavelengths will be emitted?


When white radiation is passed through a sample of hydrogen gas at room temperature, absorption lines are observed in Lyman series only. Explain.


In which of the following transitions will the wavelength be minimum? 


In which of the following systems will the radius of the first orbit (n = 1) be minimum?


The radius of the shortest orbit in a one-electron system is 18 pm. It may be


A hydrogen atom in ground state absorbs 10.2 eV of energy. The orbital angular momentum of the electron is increased by


Calculate the smallest wavelength of radiation that may be emitted by (a) hydrogen, (b) He+ and (c) Li++.


Find the binding energy of a hydrogen atom in the state n = 2.


A group of hydrogen atoms are prepared in n = 4 states. List the wavelength that are emitted as the atoms make transitions and return to n = 2 states.


Whenever a photon is emitted by hydrogen in Balmer series, it is followed by another photon in Lyman series. What wavelength does this latter photon correspond to?


A gas of hydrogen-like ions is prepared in a particular excited state A. It emits photons having wavelength equal to the wavelength of the first line of the Lyman series together with photons of five other wavelengths. Identify the gas and find the principal quantum number of the state A.


Suppose, in certain conditions only those transitions are allowed to hydrogen atoms in which the principal quantum number n changes by 2. (a) Find the smallest wavelength emitted by hydrogen. (b) List the wavelength emitted by hydrogen in the visible range (380 nm to 780 nm).


When a photon is emitted from an atom, the atom recoils. The kinetic energy of recoil and the energy of the photon come from the difference in energies between the states involved in the transition. Suppose, a hydrogen atom changes its state from n = 3 to n = 2. Calculate the fractional change in the wavelength of light emitted, due to the recoil.


Consider an excited hydrogen atom in state n moving with a velocity υ(ν<<c). It emits a photon in the direction of its motion and changes its state to a lower state m. Apply momentum and energy conservation principles to calculate the frequency ν of the emitted radiation. Compare this with the frequency ν0 emitted if the atom were at rest.


The Balmer series for the H-atom can be observed ______.

  1. if we measure the frequencies of light emitted when an excited atom falls to the ground state.
  2. if we measure the frequencies of light emitted due to transitions between excited states and the first excited state.
  3. in any transition in a H-atom.
  4. as a sequence of frequencies with the higher frequencies getting closely packed.

Let En = `(-1)/(8ε_0^2) (me^4)/(n^2h^2)` be the energy of the nth level of H-atom. If all the H-atoms are in the ground state and radiation of frequency (E2 - E1)/h falls on it ______.

  1. it will not be absorbed at all.
  2. some of atoms will move to the first excited state.
  3. all atoms will be excited to the n = 2 state.
  4. no atoms will make a transition to the n = 3 state.

A hydrogen atom makes a transition from n = 5 to n = 1 orbit. The wavelength of photon emitted is λ. The wavelength of photon emitted when it makes a transition from n = 5 to n = 2 orbit is ______.


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