Advertisements
Advertisements
प्रश्न
How is the variability in oxidation states of transition metals different from that of the non-transition metals? Illustrate with examples.
How is the variability in oxidation states of transition metals different from that of the p-block elements?
Advertisements
उत्तर १
In transition elements, the oxidation state can vary from +1 to the highest oxidation state by removing all its valence electrons. Also, in transition elements, the oxidation states differ by 1 (Fe2+ and Fe3+; Cu+ and Cu2+). In non-transition elements, the oxidation states differ by 2, for example, +2 and +4 or +3 and +5, etc.
उत्तर २
The variability of oxidation states, a characteristic of transition elements, arises due to incomplete filling of d-orbitals in such a way that their oxidation states differ from each other by unity, e.g., Fe2+, Fe3+, Cr2+, Cr3+. This is in contrast with the variability of oxidation states of non-transition elements where oxidation states normally differ by a unit of two. i.e., Sn2+, Sn4+, P3+ and P5+, etc. in the p-block the lower oxidation states are favoured by the heavier members (due to inert pair effect), the opposite is true in the groups of J-block.For example, in group 6, Mo (VI) and W (VI) are found to be more stable than Cr (VI). Thus Cr (VI) in the form of dichromate in acidic medium is a strong oxidising agent, whereas MOO3 and WO3 are not.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Calculate magnetic moment of `Fe_((aq))^(2+) ion (Z=26).`
Which is a stronger reducing agent, Cr2+ or Fe2+ and why?
Use Hund’s rule to derive the electronic configuration of Ce3+ ion and calculate its magnetic moment on the basis of ‘spin-only’ formula.
Comment on the statement that elements of the first transition series possess many properties different from those of heavier transition elements.
Account for the following :
Ti4+ is colourless whereas V4+ is coloured in an aqueous solutions.
The magnetic moment is associated with its spin angular momentum and orbital angular momentum. Spin only magnetic moment value of \[\ce{Cr^{3+}}\] ion is ______.
Why is \[\ce{HCl}\] not used to make the medium acidic in oxidation reactions of \[\ce{KMnO4}\] in acidic medium?
The second and third rows of transition elements resemble each other much more than they resemble the first row. Explain why?
Match the properties given in Column I with the metals given in Column II.
| Column I (Property) | Column II (Metal) | |
| (i) | An element which can show +8 oxidation state | (a) \[\ce{Mn}\] |
| (ii) | 3d block element that can show | (b) \[\ce{Cr}\] |
| upto +7 oxidation state | (c) \[\ce{Os}\] | |
| (iii) | 3d block element with highest melting point | (d) \[\ce{Fe}\] |
Mention the type of compounds formed when small atoms like H, C and N get trapped inside the crystal lattice of transition metals. Also give physical and chemical characteristics of these compounds.
The element with atomic number 53 belongs to
Which does not belong to first transition series?
Mercury is the only metal liquid at room temperature due to its:-
Which of the following ions acts as a typical transition metal ion?
Consider the following standard electrode potentials (E° in volts) in aqueous solution:
| Element | M3+/M | M+/M |
| Al | - 1.66 | +0.55 |
| Tl | + 1.26 | -0.34 |
Based on these data, which of the following statements is correct?
In the ground state of atomic Fe (Z = 26), the spin-only magnetic moment is ______ × 10-1 BM.
(Round off to the nearest integer).
[Given: `sqrt3 = 1.73, sqrt2 = 1.41`]
Which of the following transition metals shows +1 and +2 oxidation states?
In order to protect iron from corrosion, which one will you prefer as a sacrificial electrode, Ni or Zn? Why? (Given standard electrode potentials of Ni, Fe and Zn are -0.25 V, -0.44 V and -0.76 V respectively.)
Give a reason for the following:
Zinc, cadmium and mercury are considered as d-block elements but not regarded as transition elements.
Give a reason for the following.
Some transition metals and their compounds get attracted towards the magnetic field.
