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प्रश्न
How has the development of bioreactor helped in biotechnology?
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उत्तर १
The importance of using a bioreactor is that in a bioreactor the raw materials are biologically converted into specific products. Bioreactors provide the optimal conditions to obtain the desired product by providing growth conditions such as temperature, pH, vitamins, and oxygen.
उत्तर २
Small volume cultures cannot yield appreciable quantities of products. To produce in large quantities, the development of bioreactors, where large volumes (100 - 1000 litres) of culture can be processed, was required. Thus, bioreactors can be thought of as vessels in which raw materials are biologically converted into specific products, individual enzymes, etc., using the microbial plant, animal or human cells.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
State the role of DNA ligase in biotechnology.
Distinguish between RNA and DNA.
What are plasmids?
Describe two vectors less methods of gene transfer used in rDNA technology.
The bacterium which causes a plant disease called crown gall is _______________.
Polymerase chain reaction is most useful in ______.
Explain types of enzymes used in biotechnology?
A technique used to make numerous copies of a specific DNA segment quickly and accurately is called ______
Cloning of genes, play a very significant role in genetic engineering, helping the transfer of desirable foreign genes into different hosts. The scientists, to make this process easier and effective are creating engineered vectors in such a way that they help easy linking of foreign DNA and selection of recombinants from non-recombinants. 'pBR322' is one such engineered vectors developed by scientists. A diagram of an engineered vector pBR322 is given below:

- Name the host for this cloning vector.
- Identify 'Rop' and 'Ori' in the diagram from 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y' and 'Z'. Write their functions.
- Draw the fragments that will be formed by the action of 'Z' (marked in the diagram) on the specific site of the DNA segment given below:
5' --- GTACGAATCCTGA --- 3'
3' --- CATGCTTAGGACT --- 3'
Write steps involved in gene amplification.
