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प्रश्न
Explain, giving three reasons, why tropics show greatest levels of species diversity.
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उत्तर
The tropics exhibit the greatest levels of species diversity for these reasons:
- High solar energy: As there is more food available in tropical areas, which receive more solar radiation, productivity and biodiversity are higher.
- Stable climate: In the tropics, less seasonal change encourages niche specialisation, which makes it possible for more species to coexist.
- Evolutionary history: As tropical places have not been significantly impacted by glaciation, organisms have had more time to evolve and diversify.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
The following graph shows the species-area relationship. Answer the following questions as directed.
(a) Name the naturalist who studied the kind of relationship shown in the graph. Write the observations made by him.
(b) Write the situations as discovered by the ecologists when the value of ‘Z’
(Slope of the line) lies between:
- 0.1 and 0.2
- 0.6 and 1.2
What does ‘Z’ stand for?
(c) When would the slope of the line ‘b’ become steeper?
Maximum species richness is observed in the ______.
Select the correct alternative for x and y.
Is it possible that productivity and diversity of a natural community remain constant over a time period of, say one hundred years?
There is greater biodiversity in tropical /subtropical regions than in temperate region. Explain.
Is it true that there is more solar energy available in the tropics? Explain briefly.
Given below is an equation describing the Species-Area relationship between species richness and area for a wide variety of taxa as angiosperm plants, birds, bats etc. S = CAz
- Give a graphical representation of the given equation showing Species-Area relationship.
- What does 'S' represent in the given equation?
- What is the value of 'Z' (regression coefficient) for frugivorous birds and mammals in the tropical forests of different continents?
Who observed that within a region, species richness increased with increasing explored area, to a certain limit?
Match the scientist in column I with their contribution in column II and choose the correct option.
| Column I | Column II | ||
| i. | Alexander Van Humboldt | a. | Estimated 7 million species round the globe |
| ii. | Robert May | b. | Rivet popper hypothesis |
| iii. | David Tillman | c. | Species Area Relationship |
| iv. | Paul Ehrlich | d. | Productivity stability hypothesis |
Which of the following characteristics are seen in a stable community?
- It is strong enough to withstand environmental disturbance and recovers quickly.
- It is resistant to invasive species.
- It exhibits constant change in biomass production over a period of time.
- It has more species diversity.
