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प्रश्न
Explain Boyle's Law on the basis of the kinetic theory of matter.
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उत्तर
Boyle's law on the basis of the kinetic theory of matter:
- According to the kinetic theory of matter, the number of particles present in a given mass and the average kinetic energy is constant.
- If the volume of the given mass of a gas is reduced to half of its original volume, then the same number of particles will have half the space to move.
- As a result, the number of molecules striking the unit area of the walls of the container at a given time will double and the pressure will also double.
- Alternatively, if the volume of a given mass of a gas is doubled at a constant temperature, the same number of molecules will have double the space to move.
- Thus, the number of molecules striking the unit area of the walls of a container at a given time will become one-half of the original value.
- Thus, the pressure will also get reduced to half of the original pressure. Hence, it is seen that if the pressure increases, the volume of a gas decreases at a constant temperature, which is Boyle's law.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
At constant temperature, the effect of change of pressure on the volume of a gas was as given below:
|
Pressure in atmosphere |
Volume in liters |
|
0.20 |
112 |
|
0.25 |
89.2 |
|
0.40 |
56.25 |
|
0.60 |
37.40 |
|
0.80 |
28.10 |
|
1.00 |
22.4 |
(a) Plot the following graphs
- P vs V
- P vs 1/V
- PV vs P
Interpret each graph in terms of the law.
(b) Assuming that the pressure values given above are correct, find the correct measurement of the volume.
561 dm3 of a gas at STP is filled in a 748 dm3 container. If the temperature is constant, calculate the percentage change in pressure required.
A certain amount of a gas occupies a volume of 0.4 litre at 17°C. To what temperature should it be heated so that its volume gets (a) doubled, (b) reduced to half, pressure remaining constant?
At 0°C and 760 mmHg pressure, a gas occupies a volume of 100 cm3. Kelvin temperature of the gas is increased by one-fifth and the pressure is increased one and a half times. Calculate the final volume of the gas.
Calculate the volume of dry air at STP that occupies 28 cm3 at 14°C and 750 mmHg pressure when saturated with water vapour. The vapour pressure of water at 14°C is 12 mmHg.
Give its
(i) mathematical expression
(ii) graphical representation and
(iii) significance.
Correct the following statement:
The volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure at a constant temperature.
Assuming temperature remaining constant calculate the pressure of the gas in the following:
The pressure of a gas having volume 1000 cc. originally occupying 1500 cc. at 720 mm. pressure.
Assuming temperature remaining constant calculate the pressure of the gas in the following:
The pressure of a gas having volume 1800 ml. originally occupying 300 ml. at 6 atms. pressure.
State-the law of volume
