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प्रश्न
Explain Boyle's Law on the basis of the kinetic theory of matter.
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उत्तर
Boyle's law on the basis of the kinetic theory of matter:
- According to the kinetic theory of matter, the number of particles present in a given mass and the average kinetic energy is constant.
- If the volume of the given mass of a gas is reduced to half of its original volume, then the same number of particles will have half the space to move.
- As a result, the number of molecules striking the unit area of the walls of the container at a given time will double and the pressure will also double.
- Alternatively, if the volume of a given mass of a gas is doubled at a constant temperature, the same number of molecules will have double the space to move.
- Thus, the number of molecules striking the unit area of the walls of a container at a given time will become one-half of the original value.
- Thus, the pressure will also get reduced to half of the original pressure. Hence, it is seen that if the pressure increases, the volume of a gas decreases at a constant temperature, which is Boyle's law.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Give reasons for the following:
It is necessary to specify the pressure and temperature of gas while stating its volume.
At constant temperature, the effect of change of pressure on the volume of a gas was as given below:
|
Pressure in atmosphere |
Volume in liters |
|
0.20 |
112 |
|
0.25 |
89.2 |
|
0.40 |
56.25 |
|
0.60 |
37.40 |
|
0.80 |
28.10 |
|
1.00 |
22.4 |
(a) Plot the following graphs
- P vs V
- P vs 1/V
- PV vs P
Interpret each graph in terms of the law.
(b) Assuming that the pressure values given above are correct, find the correct measurement of the volume.
Calculate the volume of dry air at STP that occupies 28 cm3 at 14°C and 750 mmHg pressure when saturated with water vapour. The vapour pressure of water at 14°C is 12 mmHg.
State Boyle’s Law.
A gas cylinder having a capacity of 20 litres contains a gas at 100 atmos. How many flasks of 200 cm3 capacity can be filled from it at 1 atmos. pressure if the temperature remains constant?
Assuming temperature remaining constant calculate the pressure of the gas in the following:
The pressure of a gas having volume 100 lits. originally occupying 75 dm3 at 700 mm. pressure.
Assuming temperature remaining constant calculate the pressure of the gas in the following:
The pressure of a gas having volume 1500 cm3 originally occupying 750 cc. at 5 ats. pressure.
According to Boyle’s law, the shape of the graph between pressure and reciprocal of volume is _______.
State Boyle’s law
The following question refers to one mole of chlorine gas.
What will happen to volume of gas, if pressure is doubled?
