मराठी
कर्नाटक बोर्ड पी.यू.सी.पीयूसी विज्ञान 2nd PUC Class 12

Compare the chemistry of actinoids with that of the lanthanoids with special reference to atomic and ionic sizes.

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प्रश्न

Compare the chemistry of actinoids with that of the lanthanoids with special reference to atomic and ionic sizes.

दीर्घउत्तर
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उत्तर

Both lanthanoids and actinoids show a progressive decrease in the size of their atoms and ions (M3+) across the series. In lanthanoids, this decrease is called lanthanoid contraction, while in actinoids, it is called actinoid contraction.
However, the decrease in size between two successive elements is higher in actinoids than in lanthanoids (i.e., actinoid contraction is more pronounced than lanthanoid contraction). This is because 5f electrons provide a poorer screening/shielding effect than 4f electrons, causing the outer electrons in actinoids to experience a stronger effective nuclear charge.
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पाठ 4: d-and ƒ-Block Elements - REVIEW EXERCISES [पृष्ठ ४९२]

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संबंधित प्रश्‍न

Which among the following pairs of elements is 'not' an example of chemical twins?


Name a member of the lanthanoid series which is well known to exhibit +4 oxidation state.


What are the different oxidation states exhibited by the lanthanoids?


Write the electronic configuration of the element with the atomic number 61.


Which trivalent ion has the maximum size in the Lanthanoid series, i.e., Lanthanum ion (La3+) to Luteium ion (Lu3+)? 

(at. no. of Lanthanum  = 57 and Lutetium = 71)


Gadolinium belongs to 4f series. It’s atomic number is 64. Which of the following is the correct electronic configuration of gadolinium?


General electronic configuration of actinoids is `(n-2)f^(1-14)(n - 1)d^(0-2)ns^2`.Which of the following actinoids have one electron in 6d orbital?

(i) U (Atomic no. 92)

(ii) Np (Atomic no.93)

(iii) Pu (Atomic no. 94)

(iv) Am (Atomic no. 95)


Although +3 oxidation states is the characteristic oxidation state of lanthanoids but cerium shows +4 oxidation state also. Why?


On the basis of Lanthanoid contraction, explain the following:

Nature of bonding in \[\ce{La2O3}\] and \[\ce{Lu2O3}\] .


On the basis of Lanthanoid contraction, explain the following:

Stability of the complexes of lanthanoids.


How would you account for the following:

There is a greater range of oxidation states among the actinoids than among the lanthanides.


Which of the following pairs has the same ionic size?


The titanium (Z = 22) compound that does not exist is:-


The lathanide ion that would show colour is ______.


Mischmetal is an alloy consisting mainly of ______.


Cerium (Z = S8) is an important member of lanthanoids. Which of the following statements about cerium is incorrect?


Name an important alloy which contains some of the lanthanoid metals. Mention its uses.


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