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प्रश्न
Answer the following question.
Explain the various steps involved in the production of artificial insulin.
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उत्तर
Genetically Engineered Insulin:
- Insulin contains two short polypeptide chains: chain A and chain B linked together by disulphide bridges.
- In mammals, insulin is synthesized as a pro-hormone. It contains an extra stretch called C-peptide.
- C-peptide is absent in the mature insulin and is removed during maturation into insulin.
- Production of insulin by rDNA techniques was achieved by an American company, Eli Lilly in 1983. It prepared two DNA sequences corresponding to A and B, chains of human insulin, and introduced them in plasmids of E. coli for production.
The A and B chains produced were separated, extracted, and combined, by creating disulfide bonds to form human insulin.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Write the function of adenosine deaminase enzyme.
Expand the Given and mention one application of each:
ELISA
Answer the following question.
Describe the roles of heat, primers, and the bacterium Thermus aquaticus in the process of PCR.
What are DNA vaccines?
For effective treatment of the disease, early diagnosis and understanding of its pathophysiology is very important. Which of the following molecular diagnostic techniques is very useful for early detection?
What is a recombinant DNA vaccine? Give two examples.
When a foreign DNA is introduced into an organism, how is it maintained in the host and how is it transferred to the progeny of the organism?
A patient is suffering from ADA deficiency. Can he be cured? How?
Eli Lilly's contribution for diabetic patients through r-DNA technology has been overwhelmingly accepted. Explain how?
The diagram given below represents the schematic structure of proinsulin, which undergoes certain modifications before it becomes a fully functional insulin.
Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow:
- State the change the proinsulin undergoes to become fully functional.
- Name the modern scientific technique used for the production of human insulin.
- How are the two polypeptide chains of the fully functional insulin held together?
