मराठी

Factors affecting equilibria - Effect of Concentration Change

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Estimated time: 3 minutes
CBSE: Class 12

Key Points: Effect of Concentration Change

  • Increase in reactant concentration → equilibrium shifts forward (more products form).
  • Increase in product concentration → equilibrium shifts backward (more reactants form).
  • Decrease in reactant concentration → equilibrium shifts backward.
  • Decrease in product concentration → equilibrium shifts forward.
  • System always opposes the change — Le Chatelier's Principle.
  • Affects only the position of equilibrium, not the value of K.
  • Equilibrium constant K remains unchanged (K depends only on temperature).

Reaction Quotient Q is used to predict the direction of shift:

Condition Direction of Shift
Q < K Forward (more products)
Q > K Backward (more reactants)
Q = K No shift (at equilibrium)
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