Topics
Introduction of Commerce and Business
Trade
- Concept of Trade
- Internal Trade
- Wholesale Trade
- Retail Trade
- Types of Retailers> Itinerant Retailers
- Types of Retailers> Fixed Shop Retailer
- Small Scale Fixed Retailer
- Large Scale Fixed Retailers
- Departmental Stores
- Super Market Shop
- Chain Stores or Multiple Shops
- One Price Shop
- Concept of Mall
- International Trade
- Export Trade
- Procedure of Export Trade
- Import Trade
- Procedure of Import Trade
- Entrepot Trade
- Comparison of Different Types of Retailers and Trade Practices
Small Scale Industry and Business
Forms of Business Organisation - 1
- Private Sector Organisations
- Sole Trading Concern
- Partnership Firm
- Types of Partners
- Types of Partnerships Firms
- Hindu Undivided Family Business Or Joint Hindu Family Business
- Co-operative Society
- Types of Cooperative Societies
- Joint Stock Company
- Amul: A Successful Co-operative Movement in India
- Private Limited Company
- Public Limited Company
- Comparison of Different Forms of Business Organization
Forms of Business Organisation - 2
Institutes Supporting Business
Business Environment
- Concept of Business Environment
- Importance of Business Environment
- Dimensions of Business Environment
- Internal Factors
- External Factors> Natural Environment
- External Factors> Social Environment
- External Factors> Political Environment
- External Factors> Economic Environment
- External Factors> Technological Environment
- External Factors> Legal Environment
- New Economic Policy and Business
- Liberalisation
- Privatisation
- Globalisation
- Impact of New Economic Policy on Business
Introduction to Management
- Private Sector Organisation and Public Sector Organisation
- Departmental Organisation and Statutory Corporation
- Statutory Corporation and Government Companies
- Departmental Organisation and Government Company
Maharashtra State Board: Class 11
Private Sector Organisation and Public Sector Organisation
| Characteristic | Private Sector | Public Sector |
|---|---|---|
| Meaning | Owned, managed, and financed by individuals. | Owned, managed, and financed by the government. |
| Constituents | Various business structures. | Government entities and corporations. |
| Main Motive | Profit generation. | Serving society. |
| Management | Owners or representatives manage. | Government officials or the board manage. |
| Size of Entity | Varies in size. | Large in size. |
| Capital Provider | Owners or investors provide capital. | The government provides capital. |
| Business Areas | Industrial and commercial sectors. | Utility services and undertakings. |
| Decision Making | Quick decision-making. | Slower decision-making. |
| Efficiency | High efficiency. | Lower efficiency. |
Maharashtra State Board: Class 11
Departmental Organisation and Statutory Corporation
| Characteristic | Departmental Organisation | Statutory Corporation |
|---|---|---|
| Meaning | Government-run organization | Established by legislation |
| Capital | Government annual budget | Government & other funding |
| Management | Government officials manage | The board of directors manages |
| Control | Concerned ministry controls | Act or Statute controls |
| Autonomy | No autonomy | Enjoys autonomy |
| Legal Status | No separate legal status | Separate legal status |
| Establishment | Under the concerned ministry | By a special Act |
| Borrowing Power | Cannot borrow money | Can borrow money |
| Staff | Government servants | Independently recruited |
Maharashtra State Board: Class 11
Statutory Corporation and Government Companies
| Characteristic | Statutory Corporation | Government Company |
|---|---|---|
| Meaning | Formed by special statute | 51% capital held by the government |
| Capital | Government-provided, additional funding | Government contributed, public/institutions |
| Management | Board nominated by the government | Board appointed by the government/shareholders |
| Control | By an Act/statute of the legislature | By the government/shareholders, Companies Act |
| Establishment | By a special Act of Parliament | Under the Companies Act 2013 |
| Borrowing Power | Issue bonds to the public | Issue debt/shares to the public |
Maharashtra State Board: Class 11
Departmental Organisation and Government Company
| Characteristic | Departmental Organization | Government Company |
|---|---|---|
| Meaning | Government-owned, managed, and operated | 51% government-held capital |
| Capital | Funded by the government budget | Capital from the government, public, and institutions |
| Management | Managed by government officials | Board appointed by the government/shareholders |
| Control | Controlled by the concerned ministry | Controlled by the government/shareholders |
| Autonomy | No autonomy in decision-making | Enjoys autonomy in decision-making |
| Legal Status | No separate status from the government | Separate legal status |
| Establishment | Formed under the concerned ministry | Registered under the Companies Act 2013 |
| Borrowing Power | Cannot borrow from the public | Can borrow funds through debt/shares |
| Staff | Government employees, civil service rules | Independently recruited staff |
