Selina solutions for कन्साइस बायोलॉजी [अंग्रेजी] कक्षा १० आईसीएसई chapter 5 - Transpiration [Latest edition]

Transpiration is best defined as ______.

In one of the experiments to demonstrate transpiration, we used cobalt chloride paper. What are the characteristics of this paper that suit the experiment?

Look at the experiment shown in Fig. Suppose you took a single flower with a long stalk dipping in water, instead of a leafy twig. Will it serve the purpose?

Yes/No. Give reason.

Mention any two limitations in the use of potometers.

From the following list, pick out the parts through which the water vapour of transpiration leaves the leaf and rearrange them in proper sequence.

Xylem vessels, mesophyll cells, stoma, intercellular space and substomatal space.

Does diffusion play a role in the passage of water vapour from the leaf during transpiration? If so, how?

In any experiment to demonstrate transpiration, the leaf must remain attached to its parent plant. Why is this so?

Out of the three kinds of transpiration, which one is maximum and which one is minimum?

1. Maximum: ..............................
2. Minimum: ...............................

How will the following condition affect transpiratio?

Still air

How will the following condition affect transpiration?

Midday high temperature

How will the following condition affect transpiratio?

Dry air

How will the following condition affect transpiratio?

Dim sunlight

How will the following condition affect transpiratio?

Insufficient absorption of water by the roots.

List any three adaptations in plants to reduce transpiration.

List any four advantages of transpiration to the plant.

How would you justify the statement that transpiration contributes in bringing rain?

Differentiate between guttation and transpiration.

Plants have no blood, yet we sometimes say that a plant is “bleeding”. How do you justify this?

The process of evaporative loss of water from the aerial parts of a plant is ______.

The process of oozing out of the fluids from a plant part is ______.

Transpiration occurs:

Guttation takes place through:

The apparatus used to measure the rate of transpiration is ______.

Which of the following is an external factor affecting the rate of transpiration?

The upper layer of mesophyll in a leaf consists of elongated ground tissue called ______.

Transpiration is significant for all except ______.

Hydathodes are located on ______.

When guard cells are flaccid, the stoma must be ______.

Given below is a figure of a ‘probable pathway of water through leaf cells during transpiration’. Before transpiration, certain processes occur in the cells like imbibition, evaporation, osmosis, diffusion, etc.

What will be the correct sequence for the processes A, B, C and D mentioned in the figure?

A certain process called “Guttation” occurs from the leaves of herbaceous plants.

1. The exudate released during the process is water without mineral salts.
2. Guttation occurs when the ‘rate of absorption’ exceeds the ‘rate of transpiration’.
3. It happens through the hydathodes of the leaves of plants growing in warm humid conditions only.
4. Guttation is a kind of exudation which usually occurs during summer afternoons.

Which of the above statements with respect to this process are correct?

Assertion (A): Lenticels allow diffusion of gases for respiration.

Reason (R): Lenticels are located on the surpface of older woody stems. They close during night time and open during the day for the process of transpiration.

Assertion (A): Transpiration decreases the amount of moisture in the atmosphere.

Reason (R): Forests contribute in bringing rain because of transpiration.

Assertion (A): Nerium leaves have sunken stomata covered by trichomes.

Reason (R): Nerium is a hydrophytic plant which gets rid of excessive water through the process of transpiration.

Assertion (A): Transpiration helps in the descent of sap by producing a suction force acting from the top of a plant.

Reason (R): Transpiration is the evaporative loss of water through the aerial parts (leaves, stems) of a plant. However, this loss holds much significance for the plant.

Name the following:

openings on the stem through which transpiration occurs.

Name the following: 

The process by which the intact plant loses water in the form of droplets. 

Name the following:

An instrument used to find the rate of transpiration.

Name the following:

A plant in which the stomata are sunken 

Name the following:

The apparatus to record the rate of transpiration in a cut shoot. 

Name the following:  

Any two parts of a leaf which allow transpiration.

Name the following:

The structure in a leaf that allows guttation.

Name the following:

Loss of water as droplets from the margins of certain leaves. 

Transpiration is the loss of water as water ______ from the ______ parts of the plant.

Closing of ______ and shedding of leaves reduce ______.

Transpiration helps in creating ______ force and in removing excess ______.

Given below is an example of a certain structure and its special functional activity:

Chloroplasts and Photosynthesis

In a similar way, write the functional activity against the following:

Hydathodes and ______

Given below is an example of a certain structure and its special functional activity:

Chloroplasts and photosynthesis

In a similar way, write the functional activity against the following: 

Leaf spines and ______

Given below is an example of a certain structure and its special functional activity:

Chloroplasts and Photosynthesis

In a similar way, write the functional activity against the following:

Lenticels and ______

Given below is an example of a certain structure and its special functional activity:

chloroplasts and photosynthesis

In a similar way, write the functional activity against the following:

Xylem and ______

(a) State whether the following statement are True or False.

(b) Rewrite the false statement in the correct form by changing either the first or the last word only.

Most transpiration occurs at midnight.

(a) State whether the following statement are True or False.

(b) Rewrite the false statement in (a) above in the correct form by changing either the first or the last word only.

Transpiration creates a pull for the upward movement of the sap.

(a) State whether the following statement are True (T) or False (F)

(b) Rewrite the false statement in (a) above in the correct form by changing either the first or the last word only.

Wind velocity has an effect on transpiration.

(a) State whether the following statement are True or False.

(b) Rewrite the false statement in (a) above in the correct form by changing either the first or the last word only.

Atmospheric humidity promotes transpiration from a green plant.

(a) State whether the following statement are True or False.

(b) Rewrite the false statement in the correct form by changing either the first or the last word only.

Transpiration helps to cool the body of the plant.

Match the terms given in column A with column B:

Name the three kinds of transpiration.

Name the three external factors which increase the rate of transpiration.

Name the three intrinsic features which reduce the rate of transpiration.

Name three extrinsic factors which decrease the rate of transpiration.

Name four kinds of potometers on the basis of the names of the scientists who discovered them.

Define the following term:

Transpiration

Define the following term:

Exudation

Define the following term:

Potometer

Define the following term:

Wilting

Define the following term:

Hydathodes

Define the following term:

Cuticle

Distinguish between the following:
Stomata and lenticels

Differentiate between guttation and bleeding in plants.

Distinguish between the following:
Transpiration and evaporation

Give a reason/suitable explanation.

Nerium loses less amount of water during transpiration.

Give a reason/suitable explanation.

More transpiration occurs from the under surface of a dicot leaf.

Give a reason/suitable explanation.

Transpiration increases with the velocity of the wind.

Give a reason/suitable explanation.

Leaves of some plants wilt during midday and recover in the evening.

Give a reason/suitable explanation.

Guttation normally occurs during early mornings or late nights.

Give a reason/suitable explanation.

Forests tend to bring more rains.

The given figure represents an experiment:

1. Leaf A was coated with grease on both surfaces.
2. Leaf B was coated with grease on the lower surface.
3. Leaf C was coated with grease on the upper surface.
4. Leaf D was left without any application of grease. All four leaves A, B, C and D were left in a room for about 24 hours.
   1. Which leaf dries first? Give reason.
   2. Which leaf dries last? Give reason.

Given below is the diagram of an apparatus used to study a particular phenomenon in plants:

1. Name the apparatus.
2. What is it used for?
3. What is the role played by the air-bubble in this experiment?
4. What is the use of the reservoir?
5. What happens to the movement of the air-bubble if the apparatus is kept:
   1. in the dark
   2. in sunlight
   3. in front of a fan?
      Give a reason in each case.

Given ahead is a diagram of an experimental setup to study the process of transpiration in plants. Study the same and then answer the question that follows:

1. Name the colour of dry cobalt chloride paper.
2. Is the experimental leaf a monocot or a dicot? Give a reason to support your answer.
3. Why are glass slides placed over the dry cobalt chloride papers?
4. After about half an hour, what change, if any, would you expect to find in the cobalt chloride paper placed on the dorsal and ventral sides of the leaf? Give a reason to support your answer.

An outline sketch of a tree is shown in a diagram below. Study the same and answer the questions that follow:

1. Name and define the phenomenon labelled A in the diagram.
2. Write the significance of the process mentioned in A for the plants.
3. What do the direction of the arrows in B and C indicate? Name the phenomena.
4. Draw a neat and labelled diagram of an opened stomata.

The figure given below represents an experimental setup with a weighing machine to demonstrate a particular process in plants. The experimental set-up was placed in bright sunlight. Study the diagram and answer the following questions:

1. Name the process intended for the study.
2. Define the above mentioned process.
3. When the weight of the test tubes (A and B) is taken before and after the experiment, what is observed? Give reasons to justify your observations in A & B.
4. What is the purpose of keeping the test tube B in the experimental set-up?
5. What is the purpose of putting oil in the test tube?

An apparatus, as shown below, was set up to investigate a physiological process in plants. The setup was kept in sunlight for two hours. Droplets of water were then seen inside the bell jar. Answer the questions that follow:

1. Name the process being studied.
2. Explain the process named above in Q.3(a)(i).
3. Why was the pot covered with a plastic sheet?
4. Suggest a suitable control for this experiment.
5. Mention two ways in which this process is beneficial to plants.
6. List three adaptations in plants to reduce the above mentioned process.

Given below is the figure of a stoma. Study the same and answer the following questions:

1. Label the guidelines A and B.
2. Write the exact location of the above-mentioned structures.
3. Mention one important role of structure A.
4. Write three important roles for structure B.
5. Redraw the same figure when structures A are in flaccid condition. When does the flaccid condition occur?

The figure given below is a transverse section of an old woody stem. It shows very minute openings labelled-A on its surface.

1. What are these tiny openings called?
2. Mention two significant functions of these openings.
3. Name two other tiny openings which can be found on the surface or margins of leaves.