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प्रश्न
Just as precise measurements are necessary in science, it is equally important to be able to make rough estimates of quantities using rudimentary ideas and common observations. Think of ways by which you can estimate the following (where an estimate is difficult to obtain, try to get an upper bound on the quantity):-
the number of air molecules in your classroom.
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उत्तर १
Let the volume of the room be V.
One mole of air at NTP occupies 22.4 l i.e., 22.4 × 10–3 m3 volume.
Number of molecules in one mole = 6.023 × 1023
∴Number of molecules in room of volume V
=`(6.023xx10^(23))/(22.4xx10^(-3))xxV`
= 134.915 × 1026 V
= 1.35 × 1028 V
उत्तर २
We can determine the volume of the class-room by measuring its length, breadth and height. Consider a class room of size 10 m x 8 m x 4 m.
Volume of this room is 320 m3.
We know that 22.4l or 22.4 x 10-3 m3 of air has 6.02 x 1023 molecules (equal to Avogadro’s number).
Number of molecules of air in the class room =(6.02 x 1023 /22.4 x 10-3 ) x 320 =8.6 x 1027
संबंधित प्रश्न
The principle of ‘parallax’ in section 2.3.1 is used in the determination of distances of very distant stars. The baseline AB is the line joining the Earth’s two locations six months apart in its orbit around the Sun. That is, the baseline is about the diameter of the Earth’s orbit ≈ 3 × 1011m. However, even the nearest stars are so distant that with such a long baseline, they show parallax only of the order of 1” (second) of arc or so. A parsec is a convenient unit of length on the astronomical scale. It is the distance of an object that will show a parallax of 1” (second) of arc from opposite ends of a baseline equal to the distance from the Earth to the Sun. How much is a parsec in terms of meters?
Just as precise measurements are necessary in science, it is equally important to be able to make rough estimates of quantities using rudimentary ideas and common observations. Think of ways by which you can estimate the following (where an estimate is difficult to obtain, try to get an upper bound on the quantity):
the number of strands of hair on your head
Write true or false.
Every measurement involves two things – a number and a unit.
Answer the following question.
Star A is farther than star B. Which star will have a large parallax angle?
Ten millimetre makes one centimetre.
Complete the analogy.
Height of a person: cm :: Length of your sharpened pencil lead:______?
Fill in the following chart.
| Property | Definition | Basic Unit | Instrument used for measuring |
| Length | |||
| Mass | |||
| Volume | |||
| Time |
Find the answer for the following questions within the grid.
- 10-3 is one ______
- SI Unit of time is ______
- Cross view of reading a measurement leads to ______
- ______ is the one what a clock reads.
- ______ is the amount of substance present in an object.
- ______ can be taken to get the final reading of the recordings of different students for a single measurement.
- ______ is a fundamental quantity.
- ______ shows the distance covered by an automobile
- A tailor uses ______ to take measurements to stitch the cloth.
- Liquids are measured with this physical quantity.
Guess whose tail is the longest. Now measure the tails. How good is your guess?
Now guess the length and width of many other things. Measure and find the difference between your measure and your guess.
| Size of | Your guess in cm | Your measure in cm | ||
| Length | Width | Length | Width | |
| 100 Rupee note | ||||
| 10 Rupee note | ||||
| 20 Rupee note | ||||
| 5 Rupee note | ||||
| Post card | ||||
| Math-Magic book | ||||
There are two beautiful lakes near a village. People come for boating and picnics in both the lakes. The village Panchayat is worried that with the noise of the boats the birds will stop coming. The Panchayat wants motorboats in only one lake. The other lake will be saved for the birds to make their nests.
- How many kilometers long is the actual boundary of lake A?
In which SI unit, you can measure your height?
The Unit used to measure length ______.
What unit will you use to measure the length of our classroom?
Larger unit for measuring time is ______.
The SI unit of mass is kg.
- The earth-moon distance is about 60 earth radius. What will be the diameter of the earth (approximately in degrees) as seen from the moon?
- Moon is seen to be of (½)°diameter from the earth. What must be the relative size compared to the earth?
- From parallax measurement, the sun is found to be at a distance of about 400 times the earth-moon distance. Estimate the ratio of sun-earth diameters.
What is an Astronomical Unit (AU)?
The parallax method is used to measure astronomical distances because ______.
