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प्रश्न
A colourless organic liquid X of molecular formula C2H4O2 turns blue litmus to red. Another colourless organic liquid Y of molecular formula C3H6O has no action on any litmus but it is used as a nail polish remover. A yet another colourless organic liquid Z of molecular formula C2H6O has also no action on litmus but it is used in tincture of iodine.
(a) Name the liquid X. To which homologous series does it belong? Give the name of another member of this homologous series.
(b) Name the liquid Y. To which homologous series does it belong? Write the name of another member of this homologous series.
(c) Can you name an organic compound having the same molecular formula as liquid Y but which belongs to a different homologous series? What is this homologous series?
(d) Name the liquid Z. To which homologous series does it belong? Write the name of another member of this homologous series.
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उत्तर
(a) The liquid 'X' is ethanoic acid which turns the blue litmus red. It belongs to the homologous series of carboxylic acid. Methanoic acid is the other member of this homologous series.
(b) The liquid 'Y' is propanone which is colourless, and is widely used as a nail polish remover. It belongs to the homologous series of ketones. Butanone is the name of the other member of this homologous series.
(c) Propanal is an organic compound having the same molecular formula as of the liquid 'Y' (Propanone), but the former belongs to the homologous series of aldehydes.
(d) The liquid 'Z' is ethanol which has no action on the litmus, and is used in the tincture of iodine. It belongs to the homologous series of alcohols. Methanol is the other member of this homologous series.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Write the name and formula of the 2nd member of homologous series having general formula CnH2n.
Write the molecular formula of first two members of homologous series having functional group – OH
What is the difference between two consecutive homologues:
(1) in terms of molecular mass?
(2) in terms of number and kind of atoms per molecule?
Give the molecular formula of one homologue of the following:
C3H6
By how many carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms do any two adjacent homologues differ?
Write the names and formulae for the first three members of the homologous series for chloroalkanes.
The molecular formula of an organic compound is C18H36. Name its homologous series.
The molecular formula of a homologue of butane is:
(a) C4H8
(b) C3H6
(c) C4H6
(d) C3H8
Give the abbreviated formula of the third member of the alcohol.
Give the structure of the second member of the alcohol group.
Define homologous series of organic compounds. List its two characteristics. Write the name and formula of the first member of the series of alkenes.
Write names of first four homologous series of alcohols.
Complete the correlation:
Alkene : C = C :: Alkyne: _______.
The phenomenon in which compounds having different structural formulae have the same molecular formula is called _______.
Complete the following table for homologous series of alcohols.
| Name | Molecular formula | Condensed structural formula | Number of carbon atom | Number of -CH2- units | Boiling point °C |
| Methanol | CH4O | CH3-OH | 1 | 1 | 63 |
| Ethanol | C2H6O | CH3–CH2-OH | 2 | 2 | 78 |
| Propanol | C3H8O | CH3–CH2–CH2-OH | ______ | ______ | 97 |
| Butanol | C4H10O | CH3–CH2–CH2–CH2–OH | ______ | ______ | 118 |
Which of the following does not belong to the same homologous series?
The first member of alkyne homologous series is
Write the chemical formula of two consecutive homologous of organic compounds having functional group - OH.
What happens to the (i) boiling point and (ii) solubility of organic compounds of a homologous series as the molecular mass increases?
Consider the carbon compounds having following molecular formula:
(i) C3H6 (ii) C3H8 (iii) C4H6 (iv) C6H6 (v) C6H12
- State the number of double covalent bonds present in C3H8.
- Write the formula of first member of the homologous series to which the carbon compound C4H6 belongs.
- Which one of the above compounds forms a ring structure of carbon atoms?
- Identify, which of the above compounds, is a member of alkane series.
