Rachna Sapra solutions for Geography [English] Class 9 ICSE chapter 15 - Pollution-Types and Sources [Latest edition]

The primary pollutants are emitted directly into the atmosphere, while the secondary pollutants get formed in the atmosphere. Which of the following is an example of a secondary pollutant?

Human activities are not the only cause of air pollution. There are a number of natural pollutants present in the atmosphere. Tick the natural pollutant from the options given below.

Which of the following is the largest contributor to air pollution?

Which of the following is the cause of Biomagnification in human beings?

Which among the following is not an industrial pollutant?

Which of these is the source of marine pollution?

What are the effects of water pollution?

Which of the following is not a human-made source of radiation pollution?

Which is the major cause of noise pollution?

Which of the following diseases is caused by the viral and bacterial pollution of the air?

Assertion (A): Oil spill leads to the death of millions of fish.

Reason (R): The oil spill on the seawater acts as an insulating layer between air and water.

Assertion (A): Urban, commercial, and domestic waste are very harmful.

Reason (R): Urban, commercial, and domestic wastes contain non-biodegradable matter.

Assertion (A): Eutrophication is harmful to the aquatic organisms.

Reason (R): Eutrophication is caused by the runoff of fertilisers from the fields into the water bodies.

Assertion (A): Burning of garbage produces carbon monoxide, which is very harmful.

Reason (R): Burning of garbage is the easiest and the cheapest method to dispose it off.

Assertion (A): Biomedical waste contaminates the soil in which it is dumped.

Reason (R): The food grown in the polluted soil gets contaminated with pathogens.

The unpleasant sound is called noise. WHO defines noise above 65 decibels as noise pollution. It becomes harmful when it exceeds 75 dB and is painful above 120 dB. It adversely affects both human beings and domestic animals, as well as wildlife.

1. How does noise pollution affect the health of human beings?
2. Mention the most common source of noise pollution.
3. Some sources of noise pollution are occasional. List some of the examples of such sources.

The acid rain is caused by the burning of fossil fuels in automobiles and coal-fired thermal power plants, which emit sulphur dioxide and carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. These gases react with rain to form sulphuric acid and carbonic acid, resulting in acid rain.

1. How is acid rain harmful?
2. Does air pollution lead to water pollution? Give an example to support your answer.

Define the following term:

Pollution

How are different types of pollution classified?

Define the following term: Pollutant

How are pollutants classified?

Why is it of upmost importance to understand the sources of pollution?

Name any three human activities which cause air pollution.

Define thermal pollution.

Name the main culprit industries of thermal pollution.

How do water bodies get contaminated by the effluents from the industries?

How is the ozone layer depleted?

How does the agricultural sector cause water pollution?

How does urbanization cause air pollution?

What are the sources of marine pollution?

How do the coal-fired thermal power plants cause air pollution?

How does the burning of agricultural waste (stubble) harm the environment?

What is meant by Greenhouse gases?

What is meant by global warming?

Why are greenhouse gases a matter of deep concern?

Why is global warming a matter of deep concern?

How does groundwater become polluted?

Differentiate between primary pollutants and secondary pollutants.

If the AQI is 459, what does it indicate about the quality of the air?

What measures should be taken in the AQI 459 scenario?

Mention any four human-made sources of radiation pollution.

What is meant by the term ‘oil spill’?

How is an oil spill caused?

With reference to pollution, explain the following:

Water pollution

Explain the following.

Soil pollution

With reference to pollution, explain the following:

Air pollution