Definitions [4]
Definition: Inorganic Chemistry
The branch of chemistry that deals with compounds obtained from non-living sources or minerals, such as common salt, blue vitriol, and nitrates.
Definition: Organic Chemistry
The branch of chemistry that deals with compounds originally derived from living organisms, such as sugar, starch, proteins, and acetic acid.
Definition: Nomenclature
Nomenclature is the system of assignment of names to organic compounds.
Definition: Isomers
Compounds having the same molecular formula but different structural formula are known as Isomers and the phenomenon is known as Isomerism. (iso = same, meros = parts).
Key Points
Key points: Nomenclature of Carbon Compounds
- The IUPAC system provides a unique, systematic way to name carbon compounds based on structure, replacing confusing common names.
- An IUPAC name has three parts: prefix, parent, and suffix, reflecting the carbon chain and functional group.
- The parent name is based on the longest carbon chain, and its ending changes to –ane, –ene, or –yne depending on the number of bonds.
- Functional groups are shown as prefixes or suffixes, and the chain is numbered to give them the lowest possible number.
- If the suffix begins with a vowel, the final ‘e’ in the parent alkane name is dropped (e.g., propane → propanone).
