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Question
Write the chemical tests to distinguish between alkanes, alkenes and alkynes.
Distinguish Between
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Solution
| Chemical Test | Alkanes (e.g., Ethane) | Alkenes (e.g., Ethene) | Alkynes (e.g., Ethyne) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bromine Water Test (Bromine in CCl4) | No change. The reddish-brown colour remains. | Decolorizes instantly. The reddish-brown colour disappears. | Decolorizes instantly. The reddish-brown colour disappears. |
| Baeyer's Test (Cold alkaline KMnO4) | No change. The purple colour remains. | Decolorizes instantly and forms a brown precipitate (MnO2). | Decolorizes instantly and forms a brown precipitate (MnO2). |
| Ammoniacal Cuprous Chloride Test | No reaction. | No reaction. | Forms a red precipitate of copper acetylide (Cu2C2). |
| Ammoniacal Silver Nitrate Test | No reaction. | No reaction. | Forms a white precipitate of silver acetylide (Ag2C2). |
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