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Question
Write a note on ‘aldol condensation’.
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Solution
(a) It is a characteristic reaction of aldehydes and ketones containing active α – H atoms. The carbon atom adjacent to carbonyl carbon is called α –C and the H-atom attached to α –C is known as α – H atoms.
(b) When two molecules of Aldehyde or Ketones containing active α – H atom are warmed in presence of dilute base or dilute acid, they undergo self-condensation to given β Hydroxy aldehyde (aldol) or β Hydroxy ketone (ketol) respectively. This reaction is known as aldol condensation. The Aldol or Ketol undergoes dehydration on heating to form unsaturated aldehyde or ketone.
Eg. Aldol condensation of Acetaldehyde
Step I : Addition
Step II : Condensation
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