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Question
Write Dow process for the preparation of Phenol.
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Solution
Chlorobenzene is fused with NaOH at high temperature and pressure (623 K and 300 atm) followed by treatment with dilute HCl to obtain phenol.
Process Description:
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Chlorobenzene is heated with aqueous NaOH at high temperature and pressure.
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The Cl atom on the benzene ring is replaced by –OH via nucleophilic aromatic substitution.
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The product formed is Phenol (C6H5OH) and sodium chloride (NaCl) as a by-product.
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