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Question
Write briefly about the symptoms of diabetes mellitus.
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Solution
The symptoms of diabetes mellitus result from high blood sugar levels and include:
- Excessive thirst (polydipsia), as the body attempts to compensate for high blood sugar by drawing water from tissues.
- Frequent urination (polyuria), because the kidneys work harder to filter and excrete the excess sugar.
- Increased hunger (polyphagia), as the body's cells are starved of energy due to insufficient or ineffective insulin.
- Unexplained weight loss, particularly in Type 1 diabetes, as the body begins burning fat and muscle for energy.
- Fatigue and blurred vision, caused by the body's inability to effectively use glucose for energy and the effects of high sugar levels on fluid balance.
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