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Question
What is the difference between a polar covalent compound and a non-polar covalent compound?
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Solution
Polar Covalent Compound:
- Atoms have unequal distribution of their shared pair of electrons.
- The unequal distribution of electrons draws the electron pair to the more electronegative atom.
- Polar covalent molecules are asymmetrical and not electrically neutral. Separation of charges occurs. The atom that attracts electrons more strongly has a slightly negative charge, while the other atom is slightly positive.
Non-polar covalent compound:
- Atoms have equal distribution of shared electron pairs.
- Atoms attract each other with equal force due to the equal distribution of electrons.
- Non-polar covalent molecules are symmetric and electrically neutral. There is no charge separation within the molecule.
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