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Question
What is a density bottle? How is it used to find the density of a liquid?
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Solution 1
Density bottle is a small glass bottle having a glass stopper at its neck. The bottle can store a fixed volume of a liquid. Generally, the volume of the bottle is 25 ml or 50 ml. The stopper has a narrow hole through it. When the bottle is filled with liquid and stopper is inserted, the excess liquid rises through the hole and drains out. Thus the bottle will contain the same volume of liquid each time when it is filled. It is used to determine the density of a liquid.
Solution 2
A density bottle (also called a specific gravity bottle) is a small glass bottle with a precisely known volume. It has a tightly fitting stopper with a fine hole through it. The hole allows extra liquid to escape when the stopper is inserted, ensuring that the bottle always contains exactly the same volume of liquid each time it is filled.
How it is Used to Find the Density of a Liquid
- Weigh the empty bottle:
- Let its mass be M1.
- Fill the bottle with the given liquid and weigh again:
- Mass of bottle + liquid = M2.
- Mass of liquid = M2 − M1.
- Find the volume of the bottle:
- Usually done by filling it with distilled water at a known temperature and weighing.
- Mass of water = M3 − M1.
- Since density of water is known (ρw), `V = (M_3 - M_1)/(ρw)`
- Calculate the density of the liquid:
- Density = `"Mass of liquid"/"Volume of bottle"`
- ρliquid = `(M_2 - M_1)/V`
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