Question

What ensures a linear arrangement of amino acids, although the genes are discontinuous?

Answer 1

The process that ensures a linear arrangement of amino acids despite the discontinuous nature of genes is RNA splicing. In eukaryotic cells, genes are composed of coding regions called exons and non-coding interruptions called introns. Although these are transcribed together into a single “pre-mRNA” molecule, the introns would disrupt the protein code if they remained. The cellular machinery, specifically a large complex called the spliceosome, accurately identifies the boundaries of these segments, removes the introns, and “ligates” (glues) the exons together in a continuous sequence.