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Question
What are somaclonal variations?
Short Answer
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Solution
Somaclonal variations are the genetic variations that arise in plants during tissue culture. These variations are caused by the tissue culture process itself and can lead to new genotypes with desirable traits like disease resistance, early flowering, or improved quality. Somaclonal variation results from factors such as pre-existing variability in the explant, tissue culture-induced changes, somatic recombination, chromosomal aberrations, and transposon activity. This variability is used in crop improvement to develop new plant varieties with enhanced characteristics.
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