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Question
Today, it is most appropriate to state that a gene controls:
Options
one enzyme
one protein
one polypeptide chain
one amino acid
MCQ
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Solution
one polypeptide chain
Explanation:
While the original theory suggested that one gene codes for one enzyme or one whole protein, modern biology has refined this to one gene-one polypeptide. This shift occurred because many proteins and enzymes are actually made up of multiple, different polypeptide chains, each produced by a separate gene. For example, haemoglobin consists of two different types of polypeptide chains (alpha and beta), which are controlled by two distinct genes. Therefore, since a single gene provides the instructions for just one specific chain rather than a complex multi-part protein, the “one polypeptide” description is the most accurate.
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