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Question
The table shows the mass of the planets, the sun and the moon in our solar system.
| Celestial Body |
Mass (kg) | Mass (kg) Standard Notation |
| Sun | 1,990,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 | 1.99 × 1030 |
| Mercury | 330,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 | |
| Venus | 4,870,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 | |
| Earth | 5,970,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 | |
| Mars | 642,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 | |
| Jupiter | 1,900,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 | |
| Saturn | 568,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 | |
| Uranus | 86,800,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 | |
| Neptune | 102,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 | |
| Pluto | 12,700,000,000,000,000,000,000 | |
| Moon | 73,500,000,000,000,000,000,000 |
- Write the mass of each planet and the Moon in scientific notation.
- Order the planets and the moon by mass, from least to greatest.
- Which planet has about the same mass as earth?
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Solution
a. Mass of each planet and Moon in scientific notation is given below:
Using law of exponents,
am × an = am + n
Sun = 199 × 1028
= 1.99 × 1028 × 102
= 1.99 × 1030
Mercury = 33 × 1022
= 3.3 × 1022 × 10
= 3.3 × 1023
Venus = 487 × 1022
= 4.87 × 1022 × 102
= 4.87 × 1024
Earth = 597 × 1022
= 5.97 × 1022 × 102
= 5.97 × 1024
Mars = 642 × 1027
= 6.42 × 1027 × 102
= 6.42 × 1029
Jupiter = 19 × 1026
= 1.9 × 1026 × 10
= 1.9 × 1027
Saturn = 568 × 1024
= 5.68 × 1024 × 102
= 5.68 × 1026
Uranus = 868 × 1023
= 8.68 × 1023 × 102
= 8.68 × 1025
Neptune = 102 × 1024
= 1.02 × 1024 × 102
= 1.02 × 1026
Pluto = 127 × 1020
= 1.27 × 1020 × 102
= 1.27 × 1022
Moon = 795 × 1020
= 7.95 × 1020 × 102
= 7.95 × 1022
b. Order of mass of all planets and Moon from least to greatest
Pluto < Moon < Mercury < Venus < Earth < Uranus < Neptune < Saturn < Jupiter < Mars
c. Venus has about the same mass as Earth.
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| Planet | Distance from Sun (km) |
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