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Question
P and Q are aqueous solutions of sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide, respectively. Which of these will turn:
- blue litmus red?
- red litmus blue?
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Solution
- Neither solution will turn blue litmus red. Solution P (NaCl) is a neutral salt formed from a strong acid (HCl) and a strong base (NaOH). When dissolved in water, it dissociates into Na+ and Cl− ions, which do not react with water. As a result, the concentration of H+ and OH− ions in water remains equal, making the solution neutral. Solution Q (NaOH) is basic, so it won't turn blue litmus red either.
- Sodium hydroxide solution (Q) will turn red litmus paper blue because it is a strong base and releases excess hydroxide ions (OH−) in water.
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The Salt Story
From: The New Indian Express 9 March 2021
The salt pans in Marakkanam, a port town about 120 km from Chennai are the third largest producer of salt in Tamil Nadu. Separation of salt from water is a laborious process and the salt obtained is used as raw materials for manufacture of various sodium compounds.
One such compound is Sodium hydrogen carbonate, used in baking, as an antacid and in soda acid fire extinguishers.
The table shows the mass of various compounds obtained when 1litre of sea water is evaporated.
| COMPOUND | FORMULA | MASS OF SOLID PRESENT /g |
| Sodium Chloride | NaCl | 28.0 |
| Magnesium Chloride | MgCl2 | 8.0 |
| Magnesium Sulphate | MgSO4 | 6.0 |
| Calcium Sulphate | CaSO4 | 2.0 |
| Calcium Carbonate | CaCO3 | 1.0 |
| TOTAL AMOUNT OF SALT OBTAINED | 45.0 | |
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