Question

Mahatma Gandhi with his principle of Non-violence, changed the direction of the freedom movement. With reference to the Gandhian Movements, answer the following:

Mention any three points to analyse the impact of the Non-Cooperation Movement.

Answer 1

1. Mass mobilisation and broadened social base: The Non‑Cooperation Movement converted the national struggle into a true mass movement by bringing peasants, workers, students, teachers and women into active politics, greatly widening popular participation.
2. Economic and social impact via Swadeshi: It revived Swadeshi practices (khadi and the charkha), gave a new impulse to village and cottage industries, and encouraged the boycott of foreign goods, strengthening economic self‑reliance and nationalist sentiment.
3. Political transformation (and its limits): The movement changed the Congress from an elite assembly into an organised mass political force, fostered Hindu‑Muslim unity and trained new leaders, but it also revealed limits: it had to be suspended after the Chauri Chaura violence on February 5, 1922, showing that non‑violent discipline was not yet fully internalised.