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Question
“Living conditions have been improving….”
Key
——- Number of children in secondary school.
——- Number of people dying from malnutrition.
——- Number of homes with running water.
——- Number of women working outside the home.
Write a report on the changes in living conditions in Medland between 1950 and now. Suggest reasons for these changes. Use the present perfect continuous where necessary. You may wish to use the words in the vertical box above right.
(b) The number of homes with running water has been rising sharply since 1985, whereas
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Solution
Over the years since 1950 the number of children in secondary schools has been increasing noticeably. This is possibly because the Government has been building more schools to provide the education at secondary level. The efforts of the Government in providing health education, a meal a day to the children at schools, sanitary conditions and facilities in hospi¬tals and Primary Health Centres, have borne fruits. The people have become health conscious. That is why, there has been a noticeable fall in the number of children and people dying from malnutrition.
The number of homes with running water has been rising sharply since 1985. A large number of people have been getting clean and pure water. This has sharply decreased the cases of water-borne diseases. The number of women working outside homes has been steadily increasing boosting their husbands’ income and rise in their standard of living.
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RELATED QUESTIONS
Here are some direct quotations from the story. Identify the speaker and write what each quotation suggests about the speaker. You can use the adjectives given in the box and may also add your own.
| amiable, tender, gentle, sympathetic, understanding, determined, diligent, kind, concerned, systematic, wise, helpful, enthusiastic, selfish, cruel, humble, religious, prudent |
| Speaker | Quotation | Quality Highlighted | |
|
a. |
'Avva, is everything all right? Are you O.K.?' |
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| b. | 'At times, I used to regret not going to school, so I made sure that my children and grandchildren studied well.' |
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| c. | 'Avva, don't cry. What is the matter? Can I help you in anyway?' |
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| d. | 'We are well-off, but what use is money when I cannot be independent.' | ||
| e. | 'I will keep Saraswati Pooja day during Dassara as the deadline.' | ||
| f. | 'For a good cause if you are determined you can overcome any obstacle.' | ||
| g. | I am touching the feet of a teacher not my granddaughter.' |
Answer the following question briefly:
Did Private Quelch’s day to day practices take him closer towards his goal? How can you make out?
Answer the following question.
Think about million little ways in which the rain embraces the trees. Mention a few of
them.
Answer the following question.
"….All can hear, but only
The sensitive can understand'
What does the poet want to convey?
Complete the following sentences about the poem.
- In the first stanza, the poet refers to four pieces of evidence: large shoes, a long bed, the Bible, fields cluttered with boulders and a leaky barn. This leads the poet to conclude that ‘the man of the house’ was ________________
- I think that the child was probably about six years old because_____________ .
- The poet suggests that a woman lived in the farmhouse because______________ .
- The family probably left the farmhouse because____________________________ .
Answer the following question briefly.
Do you think the Bishop was right in selling the salt-cellars? Why/ Why not?
During summer vacation, you and your friends decide to enroll in 'The School for Flying'. While training, you had an interesting and unforgettable experience. Here's an account of it. Complete it by using words from A.1.
It was the most amazing summer camp that we had ever been to. My friend Jonathan and I decided to join the flying-school. We underwent rigorous training and gained a lot of expertise, Jonathan in charting the course of flight and I, in flying the plane. 25 May 2010 was the Red Letter Day as we were to fly a plane for nearly half an hour without an instructor. At 6: 15 GMT we took the flight, Jonathan as a (1)............ and I, as the (2) ............ . We remembered all the instructions given to us at the academy and we were (3) ............ signals at frequent intervals. The day was clear but windy. We were (4) ................. hills and were flying along the coast. Suddenly, the weather turned turbulent. We (5)............ our position asking for advice. But unfortunately there was no communication from the other end. All of a sudden, we heard an explosion. The fuel tank of our plane had caught fire due to the lightning. We immediately decided to (6) ............... the plane and donned the (7) .......... that were available. We were blown off 55-60 kms away from the coast and we landed on the outskirts of a dense forest. We were not injured but were hungry and thirsty. We ate some wild fruit hoping it was safe. But unluckily it was disastrous for Jonathan as he had (8) ............ after that. We remembered our instructor's clear and (9)................ instructions in case of an emergency. We discussed various strategies and decided to (10).............. to the core about the life saving strategies. We started exploring the forest. We must have wandered for about an hour or so along the coast, when my eyes suddenly fell on something red in the crevice of a big rock. I went closer to it and to my great happiness and relief I saw a (11) ............. . It was (12).......... away in a cosy nook. Oh! What a relief it was! We were successful in rowing our way back from where we had started. Meanwhile, the coast guards were hunting for us. We had instantly become celebrities!
The term irony refers to a discrepancy, or disagreement, of some sort. The
discrepancy can be between what someone says and what he or she really
means. on verbal irony. The discrepancy can be between a situation that one
would logically anticipate or that would seem appropriate and the situation that
actually develops or situational irony. The discrepancy can even be between the
facts known to a character and the facts known to us, the readers or audience or
dramatic irony.
Working in groups of four complete the following table. Find instances of irony from the play
and justify them.
| Extract | Justification |
| I believe you want to convert me; save my soul, don’t you call it? Well, it’s no good………. see? I don’t want any damned religion. ● ________________________________ ●_________________________________ |
Later, the convict says, “its a queer thing to ask, but-could you, would you bless me before I go.” ●______________________________ ●______________________________ |
| ● Why the devil do you leave the window unshuttered and the door unbarred so that anyone can come in? ’ ●__________________________________ ●__________________________________ |
If the door had been barred the convict couldn’t have entered the house. ______________________________ ●______________________________ |
| ● My mother gave them to me on………………………. on her death bed just after you were bom, and…………….. and she asked me to keep them in remembrance of her, so I would like to keep them. ● _______________________________ ● _______________________________ |
Later he hands the convict the candlesticks and tells him to start a new life. ● _________________________ ● __________________________ |
Now that you have seen some techniques for creating vivid images with language, try to compose a poem or write a short descriptive paragraph using similes and colourful expressions. Work in pairs if you prefer. Then read it out to the class.
Choose one of these themes: waves, stars and moon, rocks, sunset or sunrise.
Consider the following for your chosen theme:
• What does it look like?
• What does it feel like?
• What does it sound like?
• How does it move?
• Where do we see it?
• When do we see it?
Used to and Would
(A) Read the passage given below. Substitute ‘used to’ with ‘would’ wherever appropriate so that the passage reads better.
When I was a student, I used to visit the library frequently. The librarian was a kind man and he used to help me select my books. There used to be a small tea shop near the library. After spending a few hours in the reading room of the library, 1 used to go to this tea shop to meet my friends. There used to be an old waiter who kept a corner table reserved for us.
No. This is because they are used differently.
Read the passage again and complete the sentences below.
1. ‘used to’ is used to describe _______ in the present as well as situations that existed in the past.
2. ‘would’ is used to describe only _______ in the past.
(B) Think of the days when you were eight years old. Write down four or five things you would do or used to do or be. Make sentences like those in the box. Share your experiences with your partner.
Study the given notes and complete the paragraph that follows by filling in the blanks.
Mobile phones — emit electromagneticfield — prolonged exposure — researchneeded — brain illness — cancer memoryloss — evidence — likely to cause — healthscares — press reports — people worryneedlessly.
Think about it. Every time you use a mobile phone, (a)_____________ head to electromagnetic emission. Manufacturers (b)___________to prove there is no risk (c)_____________ . Some evidence, so far suggests that mobile phone emissions (d)_________ . These health scares (e)______ . So, people worry needlessly.
(a) (i) he exposes his
(ii) one exposes his
(iii) one exposes one’s
(b) (i) needed
(ii) are needed
(iii) have needed
(iv) need
(c) (i) in brain cancer or memory loss
(ii) from brain cancer or memory loss
(iii) with brain cancer or memory loss
(iv) of brain cancer or memory loss
(d) (i) are likely to cause illness
(ii) are likely for causing illness
(iii) is likely in causing illness
(v) is likely to cause illness
(e) (i) is base on press reports
(ii) have been based on press reports
(iii) are based on press reports
(iv) are being based on press reports
Based on your reading of the above story, answer the following questions:
- How did the Bedouin and his wife extend their hospitality to the weary traveller?
- Why didn’t she have any meat left to serve her guest?
- Why was her son crying out aloud?
- How did she cover up her mistake?
- Why did the traveller flee from the tent?
Answer the following question by ticking the correct option :
What was the cause of the dispute between the tiger and the man?
Saving the World.
What do you think ought to be done about these problems?
should
e.g. I think the Government should ban all sprays which destroy the ozone
layer.
Listen to the following conversation adapted from 'Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone' by J. K. Rowling.
While your teacher reads the excerpt, complete the following statements.
Aunt Petunia : Wizard, indeed!
Hany Potter : You knew? You knew I'm a - a wizard?
Aunt Petunia : (shouting angrily) Knew! Knew! Of course we knew! How cold you not be, my dratted sister being what she was? Oh, she got a letter just like that and disappeared off to that - that school - and came home every holiday with her pockets full of frog-spawn, turning teacups into rats. I was the only one who saw her for what she was - a freak! But for my mother and father, oh no, it was Lily this and Lily that, they were proud of having a witch in the family! (Drawing a deep breath) Then she met that Potter at school and they left and got married and had you, and of course I knew you'd be just the same, just as strange, just as - as - abnormal - and then, if you please, she went and got herself blown up and we got landed with you!'
Harry Potter : (Listens in shocked silence). Blown up? You told me they died in a car crash!'
Hagrid : (Angrily) CAR CRASH! (Jumping to his feet) How could a car crash kill Lily an' James Potter? It's an outrage! A scandal! Harry Potter not knowin' his own story when every kid in our world knows his name!'
Harry Potter : But why? What happened?
Hagrid : (Anxiously) I never expected this. I had no idea, when Dumbledore told me there might be trouble gettin' hold of yeh, how much yeh didn't know. Ah, Hany, I don' know if I'm the right person to tell yeh - but someone's gotta -yeh can't go off to Hogwarts not knowin'. Well, it's best yeh know as much as I can tell yeh - mind, I can't tell yeh everthin', It's a great mystry, parts of it ... ' (Hagrid pauses for a moment. Sound of chair being dragged). It begins, I suppose, with - with a person called - but it's incredible yeh don't know his name, everyone in our world knows-'
Harry Potter : Who ?
Hagrid : Well - I don't like sayin' the name if I Can help it . No one does .
Harry Potter : Why not ?
Hagrid : Gulpin' gargoyles, Harry, people are still scared. Blimey, this is difficult. See, there was this wizard who went ... bad. As bad as you could go. Worse than worse. His name was .... (Hagrid gulps but no word comes out).
Harry Potter : Could you write it down ?
Hagrid : (in a whisper) Nah - can't spell it. All right - Voldemort. (shudders) Don't make me say it again. Anyway, this - this wizard, about twenty years ago now, started lookin' fer followers. Got 'em, too - some were afraid, some
just wanted a bit o' his power, "cause he was gettin' himself power, all right. Dark days, Harry. Didn't know who to trust, didn't dare get friendly with strange wizards or witches .. Terrible things happened. He was takin' over.' Course, some stood up to him - an' he killed" em. Horribly. One o' the only safe places left was Hogwarts. Reckon Dumbledore's the only one You-Know-Who was afraid of. Didn't dare try takin' the school, not jus' then, anyway. Now, yer mum an' dad were as good a witch an' wizard as I ever knew. Head Boy an' Girl at Hogwarts in their day! Suppose the myst'ry is why You-Know-Who never tried to get 'em on his side before ... probably knew they were too close to Dumbledore to want anythin' to do with the Dark Side. Maybe thought he could persuade 'em .. maybe he just wanted 'em outta the way. All anyone knows is, he turned up in the village where you was all living, on Hallowe'en ten years ago. You was just a year old. He came toyer house an' - an'-' (Blows nose with a sound like a foghorn). Soriy. But it's that sad - knew yer mum an' dad, an' nicer people yeh couldn't find - anyway"You-Know-Who" killed 'em. An' then - an' this is the real myst'ry of the thing - he tried to kill you, too. Wanted to make a clean job of it, I suppose, or maybe he just liked killin' by then. But he couldn't do it. Never wondered how you got that mark on yer forehead? That was no ordinary cut. That's what yeh get when a powerful, evil curse touches yeh - took care of yer mum an' dad an' yer house, even - but it didn't work on you, an' that's why yer famous, Harry. No one ever lived after he decided to kill' em, no one except you, an' he'd killed some o' the best witches an' wizards of the age - the McKinnons, the Bones, the Prewetts an' your parents Harry.
1. Aunt Petunia did not like her sister and brother-in-law as ____________
2. Harry's mother had met his father at _______________
3. Harry had been told that his parents had ___________This was not the truth as ____________
4. The name of the Wizard who killed Harry Potter's parents was __________
5. Hagrid was reluctant to name _______ and called him _______
6. Harry got the scar on his forehead when _________
On the basis of your reading of the extract, tick the most appropriate answer :
a. Tom's mind had drifted away because
• Becky Thatcher had stopped coming to school
• he no longer took an interest in war.
• the charm oflife was gone.
• he had put his hoop and his bat away.
b. Aunt Polly was concerned because:
• Tom was hanging around Becky Thatcher's father's house all night
• Tom no longer took an interest in anything
• she was infatuated with patent medicines
• she had a fever
c. She was filled with gratitude when she tested the new medicine as
• it was simply fire in a liquid form.
• her troubles were instantly at rest
• Tom's indifference was broken.
• Tom was responding well
d. 'Mending the health of a crack' means
• repairing a crack in the sitting-room floor
• looking after his health
• pouring the medicine into a crack in the sitting-room floor
• giving the medicine to the cat
Given alongside are the pictures of two boys - Shravan Kumar and Narendra Kumar. (They are not related.) Working with a partner, look at their pictures and predict how each boys lives. Write your answer in points .
| Shravan Kumar | Narendra Kumar |
Reporting 'Questions' and 'Requests'
The words in these sentences have been mixed up. Put them in the correct order. Direct questions (?) are followed by reported questions ( • ). Study the examples first.
Your seat comfortable is (?)
Is your seat comfortable?
Seat he if asked your comfortable was (•)
He asked if your seat was comfortable.
feeling are you better (?)
___________________________
she if feeling better were asked you (•)
___________________________
did kalias live where the (?)
___________________________
asked he the kalias where lived (•)
___________________________
they will be leaving when (?)
___________________________
asked be he when they leaving would (•)
___________________________
can open the please you window (?)
___________________________
you open asked window could she whether the (•)
___________________________
model how have finished that quickly so you (?)
___________________________
that model quickly so how had finished they asked you (•)
___________________________
Edit the following magazine article about youth in sport.
The Great National Sports Talent Search (a) consist of workshops and tournaments arranged in (b) any different parts of (c) a country. The talent scouts’ aim (d) are to look out for local talent in the age range of eight to eighteen years. Thus, it would be far (e) wise if young sportswomen and men (f) were help so that they have plenty of time to develop their talent. Sports academies normally only (g) having students whose talents (h) is already recognized. If India does not invest in sports it can not hope to perform well at the International level.
| (a) (i) consisted (ii) consists (iii) is consisted (iv) has consisted |
(b) (i) much (ii) few (iii) little (iv) many |
(c) (i) the (ii) these (iii) an (iv) some |
(d) (i) is (ii) being (iii) has been (iv) been |
| (e) (i) wisest (ii) wiser (iii) as wise as (iv) too wise |
(f) (i) were helped (ii) were being helped (iii) are helped (iv) helped |
(g) (i) are having (ii) owning (iii) have (iv) has |
(h) (i) are (ii) has been (iii) are being (iv) have been |
Rearrange the following words and phrases to form meaningful sentences. The first one has been done for you as an example.
was/ about twenty / childhood / delight / years ago.
Childhood was a delight about twenty years ago.
(a) the leisure hours/of a child/ of the TV / today / are spent / in front
________________________________________________
(b) of most / now – a – days / the attitude / parents is / different
________________________________________________
(c) work and play / different things / they see / as / two
________________________________________________
(d) playing / feel / is a / waste of / they / time / that
________________________________________________
