Advertisements
Advertisements
Question
If the probability of success in a single trial is 0.01. How many trials are required in order to have a probability greater than 0.5 of getting at least one success?
Advertisements
Solution
Let X = number of successes.
p = probability of success in a single trial
∴ p = 0.01
and q = 1 - p = 1 - 0.01 = 0.99
∴ X ~ B(n, 0.01)
The p.m.f. of X is given by
P(X = x) = `"^nC_x p^x q^(n - x)`
i.e. p(x) = `"^nC_x (0.01)^x (0.99)^(n - x)` x = 1, 2,....,n
P(at least one success)
= P(X ≥ 1) = 1 - P(X < 1)
= 1 - P(X = 0) = 1 - p(0)
`= 1 - "^nC_0 (0.01)^0 (0.99)^(n - 0)`
`= 1 - 1(1)(0.99)^n`
`= 1 - (0.99)^n`
Given: P(X ≥ 1) > 0.5
i.e. `1 - (0.99)^n > 0.5`
i.e. 1 - 0.5 > `(0.99)^"n"`
i.e. 0.5 > `(0.99)^"n"`
i.e. `(0.99)^"n" < 0.5`
i.e. log `(0.99)^"n"` < log (0.5)
i.e. n log (0.99) < log 0.5
i.e. n < `("log" 0.5)/("log" 0.99)`
i.e. n < 68.96
∴ n = 68
Hence, the number of trials required in order to have probability greater than 0.5 of getting at least one success is `("log" 0.5)/("log" 0.99)` OR 68
APPEARS IN
RELATED QUESTIONS
The probability that a certain kind of component will survive a check test is 0.6. Find the probability that exactly two of the next four components tested will survive.
A die is thrown 6 times. If ‘getting an odd number’ is a success, find the probability of 5 successes.
A die is thrown 6 times. If ‘getting an odd number’ is a success, find the probability of at most 5 successes.
A pair of dice is thrown 4 times. If getting a doublet is considered a success, find the probability of two successes.
Five cards are drawn successively with replacement from a well-shuffled deck of 52 cards; find the probability that all the five cards are spades.
Five cards are drawn successively with replacement from a well-shuffled deck of 52 cards, find the probability that only 3 cards are spades
In a box of floppy discs, it is known that 95% will work. A sample of three of the discs is selected at random. Find the probability that none of the floppy disc work.
In a box of floppy discs, it is known that 95% will work. A sample of three of the discs is selected at random. Find the probability that all 3 of the sample will work.
Choose the correct option from the given alternatives:
A die is thrown 100 times. If getting an even number is considered a success, then the standard deviation of the number of successes is ______.
Choose the correct option from the given alternatives:
The mean and the variance of a binomial distribution are 4 and 2 respectively. Then the probability of 2 successes is
Choose the correct option from the given alternatives:
For a binomial distribution, n = 5. If P(X = 4) = P(X = 3), then p = ______
Choose the correct option from the given alternatives:
The probability of a shooter hitting a target is `3/4` How many minimum numbers of times must he fire so that the probability of hitting the target at least once is more than 0·99?
If the mean and variance of a binomial distribution are 18 and 12 respectively, then n = ______.
Let X ~ B(10, 0.2). Find P(X ≤ 8).
The probability that a bomb will hit a target is 0.8. Find the probability that out of 10 bombs dropped, exactly 2 will miss the target.
The probability that a lamp in a classroom will be burnt out is 0.3. Six such lamps are fitted in the class-room. If it is known that the classroom is unusable if the number of lamps burning in it is less than four, find the probability that the classroom cannot be used on a random occasion.
The probability that a machine will produce all bolts in a production run within specification is 0.998. A sample of 8 machines is taken at random. Calculate the probability that all 8 machines.
The probability that a machine will produce all bolts in a production run within specification is 0.998. A sample of 8 machines is taken at random. Calculate the probability that at most 6 machines will produce all bolts within specification.
A computer installation has 10 terminals. Independently, the probability that any one terminal will require attention during a week is 0.1. Find the probabilities that 1.
A computer installation has 10 terminals. Independently, the probability that any one terminal will require attention during a week is 0.1. Find the probabilities that 2.
A computer installation has 10 terminals. Independently, the probability that any one terminal will require attention during a week is 0.1. Find the probabilities that 3 or more, terminals will require attention during the next week.
In a large school, 80% of the pupil like Mathematics. A visitor to the school asks each of 4 pupils, chosen at random, whether they like Mathematics.
Calculate the probabilities of obtaining an answer yes from 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 of the pupils.
It is observed that it rains on 12 days out of 30 days. Find the probability that it rains exactly 3 days of week.
It is observed that it rains on 12 days out of 30 days. Find the probability that it it will rain at least 2 days of a given week.
In binomial distribution with five Bernoulli’s trials, the probability of one and two success are 0.4096 and 0.2048 respectively. Find the probability of success.
Fill in the blank :
In Binomial distribution probability of success Remains constant / independent from trial to trial.
Solve the following problem:
An examination consists of 5 multiple choice questions, in each of which the candidate has to decide which one of 4 suggested answers is correct. A completely unprepared student guesses each answer completely randomly. Find the probability that,
- the student gets 4 or more correct answers.
- the student gets less than 4 correct answers.
In a Binomial distribution with n = 4, if 2P(X = 3) = 3P(X = 2), then value of p is ______.
If X ~ B(n, p) with n = 10, p = 0.4, then find E(X2).
In Binomial distribution, probability of success ______ from trial to trial
If the sum of the mean and the variance of a binomial distribution for 5 trials Is 1.8, then p = ______.
In a binomial distribution `B(n, p = 1/4)`, if the probability of at least one success is greater than or equal to `9/10`, then n is greater than ______.
If X∼B (n, p) with n = 10, p = 0.4 then E(X2) = ______.
A pair of dice is thrown 3 times. If getting a doublet is considered a success, find the probability of getting at least two success.
Solution:
A pair of dice is thrown 3 times.
∴ n = 3
Let x = number of success (doublets)
p = probability of success (doublets)
∴ p = `square`, q = `square`
∴ x ∼ B (n, p)
P(x) = nCxpx qn–x
Probability of getting at least two success means x ≥ 2.
∴ P(x ≥ 2) = P(x = 2) + P(x = 3)
= `square` + `square`
= `2/27`
If X is a binomial variable with range {0, 1, 2, 3, 4} and P(X = 3) = 3P(X = 4) then the parameter ‘p’ of the binomial distribution is
