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Question
How will the action of dilute hydrochloric acid enable you to distinguish between sodium carbonate and sodium sulphite?
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Solution
Sodium carbonate treated with dil. HCl results in the formation of sodium chloride with the liberation of carbon dioxide gas.
\[\ce{Na2CO3 + 2HCl ⟶ 2NaCl + H2O + CO2 ↑}\]
Sodium sulphite treated with dil. HCl results in the formation of sodium chloride with the liberation of sulphur dioxide gas.
\[\ce{Na2SO3 + 2HCl ⟶ 2NaCl + H2O + SO2 ↑}\]
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