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Question
How is sodium chloride formed? Explain using its electron dot structure.
Explain
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Solution
Sodium chloride is formed by the complete transfer of one valence electron from a metallic sodium atom to a non-metallic chlorine atom.
- Sodium atom (Na): Atomic number is 11. Electronic configuration is 2, 8, 1. It loses 1 valence electron to attain a stable octet, forming a sodium cation (Na+).
- Chlorine atom (Cl): The atomic number is 17. The electronic configuration is 2, 8, 7. It gains that 1 electron to complete its stable octet, forming a chloride anion (Cl−).
Electron Dot Structure:
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