Question

How has the central dogma in molecular biology been modified with the discovery of retroviruses?

Answer 1

The central dogma was modified by the discovery of reverse transcription in retroviruses. While the original model proposed a one-way flow of information from DNA → RNA → Protein, retroviruses use an enzyme called reverse transcriptase to synthesise DNA from an RNA template. This proved that genetic information can flow “backwards” from RNA to DNA, leading to a revised path of DNA ⇌, RNA → Protein.