Question

Given below is the diagram depicting the menstrual cycle in human beings. Study it carefully and answer the questions that follow.

1. Which phases are indicated by ‘C’ and ‘D’?
2. Name the structures labelled ‘F’. What is its role?
3. Explain the changes in the level of progesterone during phases ‘C’ and ‘D’.
4. Which hormone present in the urine confirms pregnancy in human beings?
5. Identify the structure labelled ‘E’. Name the hormone released by it.

Answer 1

1. Phase C is the ovulation phase, while Phase D is the luteal phase.
2. The Corpus Luteum is the structure identified with the label F. The Corpus Luteum produces progesterone, which promotes a healthy environment for the developing fetus.
3. Progesterone levels are very low or negligible in phase C, while they are highest in phase D.
4. The hormone present in the urine that confirms pregnancy in human beings is hCG [Human Chorionic Gonadotropin hormone].
5. The structure labeled as 'E' is identified as a Graafian follicle, and the hormone released by it is estrogen.