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Question
Describe the role of pituitary and ovarian hormones during the menstrual cycle in a human female.
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Solution
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinising hormone are pituitary hormones. Oestrogen and progesterone are ovarian hormones.
Functions of pituitary and ovarian hormones:
| Hormone | Functions |
| FSH | i. Stimulates the ovarian follicles to secrete oestrogen. ii. Stimulates the proliferation of the endometrium of the uterine wall. iii. Stimulates the maturation of Graafian follicles. |
| LH | i. Stimulates the release of ovum. ii. Develops corpus luteum and secretion of progesterone. iii. Maintains pregnancy |
| Oestrogen | i. Controls the changes in the secondary sex organs in the first half of the menstrual cycle. ii. Stimulates growth, maturation and functions of secondary sex organs. iii. Repairs the damaged tissues of the uterus and fallopian tubes after menstruation. iv. Stimulates the maturation of ova development of uterine lining and mammary glands. |
| Progesterone | i. Facilitates the preparation of the endometrium for implantation. ii. Inhibits the contraction of the uterus and the development of new follicles. |
RELATED QUESTIONS
Describe the roles of pituitary and ovarian hormones during the menstrual cycle in a human female.
Choose the correct answer from the four options given below :
On which day of the menstrual cycle does ovulation take place ?
Describe the structure of a Graafian follicle.
Answer the following type of question Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
(A) - Ovulation is the release of the ovum from the Graafian follicle.
(R) - It occurs during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle.
On the fourteenth day of the menstrual cycle the female gamete released is _____.
A biology student after studying the different levels of hormones during the menstrual cycle was comparing 2 subjects (Patients). A table was created after looking at the levels of hormones A and B for Subjects 1 and 2. Read the information in the table and answer the question that follows.
| HORMONE A | HORMONE B | |
| Subject 1 | Shows a peak on the 14th Day of the menstrual cycle. | Falls down during the luteal phase. |
| Subject 2 | Shows a peak on the 14th Day of the menstrual cycle. | The level is maintained high in the luteal phase. |
The peak observed in Subject 1 and 2 is due to ______
A biology student after studying the different levels of hormones during the menstrual cycle was comparing 2 subjects (Patients). A table was created after looking at the levels of hormones A and B for Subjects 1 and 2. Read the information in the table and answer the question that follows.
| HORMONE A | HORMONE B | |
| Subject 1 | Shows a peak on the 14th Day of the menstrual cycle. | Falls down during the luteal phase. |
| Subject 2 | Shows a peak on the 14th Day of the menstrual cycle. | The level is maintained high in the luteal phase. |
Which of the following statements is true about the subjects?
Define ovulation.
Give a reason for the following:
The second half of the menstrual cycle is called the luteal phase as well as the secretory phase.
Name these:
4 phases of the menstrual cycle.
