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Question
Given below are Column A with a list of certain Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) and in Column B the procedures followed during ART:
| Column A | Column B | ||
| S. No. | Names of ART | S. No. | Procedures |
| (A) | GIFT | (i) | Transfer of ovum from a donor into the fallopian tube of another female. |
| (B) | ICSI | (ii) | Transfer of semen from the donor into the vagina of the female. |
| (C) | ZIFT | (iii) | Injecting sperm directly into the ovum. |
| (D) | IUI | (iv) | Transfer of early embryos into the fallopian tube. |
Choose the option where ART correctly matches with the procedure.
Options
(A)-(i), B-(ii), (C)-(iii), (D)-(iv)
(A)-(iv), B-(i), (C)-(ii), (D)-(iii)
(A)-(iv), B-(iii), (C)-(i), (D)-(ii)
(A)-(i), B-(iii), (C)-(iv), (D)-(ii)
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Solution
(A)-(i), B-(iii), (C)-(iv), (D)-(ii)
Explanation:
- Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT): In this procedure, a woman's ovaries are removed, and the man's sperm and eggs are put in one of the fallopian tubes.
- Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI): In this method, the zygote is created in vitro, or in a lab, when the sperm is directly placed into an ovum. Now ZIFT is transferring this zygote into the female's body.
- Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT): Following fertilisation, the embryo is transferred using this method directly into the female's fallopian tube.
- Intrauterine insemination (IUI): In this technique, the sperm are transferred into a female uterus using a long, narrow tube.
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RELATED QUESTIONS
Give four causes of infertility in males.
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ZIFT
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The test-tube baby programme employs which one of the following techniques?
Trace the events from copulation to zygote formation in a human female.
Placed below are case studies of some couples who were not able to have kids. These couples are not ready for adoption or taking gametes from donors. After thoroughly examining the cases, which Assisted Reproductive Technology will you suggest to these couples as a medical expert? Explain briefly with justification of each case.
| Couple | Test reports of Female partner |
Test reports of male partner |
| Couple 1 | Normal reports | Normal sperms in testes, Missing connection in epididymis and Vas deferens. |
| Couple 2 | Blockage in the fallopian tube | Normal reports |
| Couple 3 | Normal reports | Poor semen parameters in terms of count, motility and morphology. |
| Couple 4 | low ovarian reserve | Normal reports |
| Couple 5 | Sterilization in male | Morphologically abnormal sperms |
Expand the term ZIFT.
Which sexually transmitted infections are specifically mentioned as causes of male infertility?
Which lifestyle factor is mentioned as a cause of male infertility?
In females, what hormonal imbalance condition is associated with irregular or absent ovulation?
