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Question
Give the relationship between the revenue deficit and the fiscal deficit.
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Solution
The relationship between the revenue deficit and the fiscal deficit can be explained through the following points:
1. Revenue deficit is the difference between government’s revenue expenditures and government’s receipts.
Revenue deficit = Revenue expenditures − Revenue receipts
On the other hand, fiscal deficit is the difference between the total expenditure and the total receipt of the government.
Fiscal deficit = Total Expenditure − Total Receipts (excluding borrowings)
2. The term ‘fiscal deficit’ is used in a broader sense than the term ‘revenue deficit’.
3. As revenue deficit increases, the proportion of fiscal deficit also increases.
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| S. No. | Content | Rs (in crores) |
| 1. | Revenue Expenditure | 100 |
| 2. | Capital Receipts | 40 |
| 3. | Net Borrowings | 38 |
| 4. | Net Interest Payments | 27 |
| 5. | Tax Revenue | 50 |
| 6. | Non-tax Revenue | 15 |
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| S. No. | Content | Rs (in crores) |
| 1. | Revenue Expenditure | 100 |
| 2. | Capital Receipts | 40 |
| 3. | Net Borrowings | 38 |
| 4. | Net Interest Payments | 27 |
| 5. | Tax Revenue | 50 |
| 6. | Non-tax Revenue | 15 |
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| Column A | Column B | ||
| 1 | Fiscal Deficit | (a) | Other than interest payments |
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| 3 | Revenue Deficit | (c) | Borrowings |
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Fiscal deficit equals:
Compare the trends depicted in the figures given below:
| Figure 1: Trends in Fiscal deficit and Primary deficit |
Figure 2: Fiscal deficit as a percent of Budget estimate |
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