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Question
Explain with a diagram the preparation of aqueous ammonia.
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Solution
Preparation of Aqueous Ammonia: An aqueous solution of ammonia is prepared by dissolving ammonia in water. The rate of dissolution of ammonia in water is very high; therefore, back suction of water is possible. To avoid this, a funnel is attached to the outer end of the delivery tube with rubber tubing.
Procedure: Water is taken in a container, and only a small portion of the mouth of the funnel is dipped in water. As ammonia dissolves in water at a higher rate than its production in the flask, the pressure in the funnel above water level decreases for a moment, and water rushes into the funnel. As a result, the rim of the funnel loses its contact with water. Since ammonia produced pushes the water down, the funnel comes in contact with water again. In this way, ammonia dissolves in water without back suction of water.
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Q. 24
Distinguish by a chemical test, sulphuric acid from nitric acid and hydrochloric acid.
