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Question
Explain the provisions of Irwin-Gandhi pact.
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Solution
The British desired to accept some of the demands. Gandhiji for putting a stop to civil disobedience Movement. This resulted in the Gandhi-Irwin Act. The Pact of 1931. Some of its provisions included:
- The nationalist leaders have been released from prison.
- Salt production was made available to all citizens, and the British deregulated the process.
- The trial of political prisoners was halted except for those who had committed terrible crimes.
- The ordinances restricting the activities of the Congress were repealed.
- Gandhiji agreed to attend the London Round Table Conference.
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On 5 April 1930, Mahatma Gandhi spoke at Dandi: When I left Sabarmati with my companions for this seaside hamlet of Dandi, I was not certain in my mind that we would be allowed to reach this place. Even while I was at Sabarmati there was a rumour that I might be arrested. I had thought that the Government might perhaps let my party come as far as Dandi, but not me certainly. If someone says that this betrays imperfect faith on my part, I shall not deny the charge. That I have reached here is in no small measure due to the power of peace and non-violence: that power is universally felt. The Government may, if it wishes, congratulate itself on acting as it has done, for it could have arrested every one of us. In saying that it did not have the courage to arrest this army of peace, we praise it. It felt ashamed to arrest such an army. He is a civilized man who feels ashamed to do anything which his neighbours would disapprove of. The Government deserves to be congratulated on not arresting us, even if it desisted only from fear of world opinion. Tomorrow we shall break the salt tax law. Whether the Government will tolerate that is a different question. It may not tolerate it, but it deserves congratulation for the patience and forbearance it has displayed in regard to this party. What if I and all the eminent leaders in Gujarat and in the rest of the country are arrested? This movement is based on the faith that when a whole nation is roused and on the march no leader is necessary.
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