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Questions
During a medical investigation, an infant was found to possess an extra chromosome 21. Describe the symptoms the child is likely to develop later in the life.
During a medical investigation, an infant was found to possess an extra chromosome 21. Tell the symptoms of the child is likely to develop in the life.
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Solution
An additional copy of chromosome number 21 (trisomy of 21) leads to Down’s syndrome. The affected individual will have:
- short statured with small round head
- furrowed tongue
- partially open mouth
- broad palm with characteristic palm crease
- retarded physical, psychomotor and mental development
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Turner's syndrome is an example of monosomy. It is formed by the union of an allosome-free egg and a normal 'X' containing sperm or a normal egg and an allosome-free sperm. The individual has 2n = 45 chromosomes (44 + X0) instead of 46. Such individuals are sterile females who have rudimentary ovaries, underdeveloped breasts, small uterus, short stature, webbed neck, and abnormal intelligence. They may not menstruate or ovulate. This disorder can be treated by giving female sex hormones to women from the age of puberty to make them develop breasts and have menstruation. This makes them feel more normal.
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Identify chromosomal disorder caused due to non-disjunction of the 21st number of chromosomes and enlist its symptoms.
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Give definition of non-disjunction.
