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Question
Distinguish between the given pair of compounds using the test given within brackets:
Iron (II) sulphate and iron (III) sulphate (using ammonium hydroxide)
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Solution 1
On addition of ammonium hydroxide to iron sulphate (II), a dirty green precipitate of Fe(OH)2 is formed. A reddish-brown precipitate of Fe(OH)2 is produced when ammonium hydroxide is added to an iron sulphate (III) solution.
Solution 2
Iron (II) sulphate (Fe2+ ion):
\[\ce{\underset{green}{FeSO4} + 2NH4OH -> \underset{dirty green ppt}{Fe(OH)2↓} + \underset{colourless sol.}{(NH4)2SO4}}\]
Iron (III) salt (Fe3+ ion):
\[\ce{Fe2(SO4)3 + 6NH4OH↓ -> \underset{reddish brown ppt.}{2Fe(OH3)↓} + 3(NH4)2SO4}\]
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