Question

Differentiate between inductive reactance, capacitive reactance and impedance of an ac circuit.

Answer 1

Feature	Inductive reactance (XL)	Capacitive reactance (XC)	Impedance (Z)
Definition	It is the opposition an inductor offers to the flow of AC.	It is the opposition a capacitor offers to the flow of AC.	It is the total effective opposition of the entire circuit (R, L and C).
Formula	XL = 2π f L	XC = `1/(2 pi f C)`	Z = `sqrt(R^2 + (X_L - X_C)^2)`
Frequency effect	It increases linearly with frequency (f).	It decreases as frequency (f) increases.	It depends on the combined effect of R, L, and C components.
Phase relationship	Voltage leads current by 90°.	Current leads voltage by 90°.	The phase angle ranges from 0° to 90° depending on the components.